Fiziologija ljudskog ronjenja

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Human diving physiology
• Author: Almos Boroš
• Mentor: Zoran Tadić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Ronjenje oblikuju mnogi važni fiziološki fenomeni. Zbog podvodnog
okoliša kojeg odlikuju velike razlike tlakova i ljudske anatomije prilagođene
kopnenom načinu života, ronjenje u svakom obliku donosi mnoge probleme i
ograničenja roniocu. Udisanjem vode nastaju mnogobrojna oštećenja
potencijalno velikih opsega, gdje razlikujemo posljedice udisanja slane od
slatke vode. Sustavi održanja homeostaze neadekvatno funkcioniraju već pri
ronjenju na dah, a posebno naglašeno pri ronjenju na RA, udisanjem zraka i
drugih dišnih mješavina pri povećanim i promijenjivim tlakovima. Zbog naglih
promjena tlaka, nastaju barotraumatske ozljede tkiva plinom punjenih prostora
tijela. Problemi nastali zbog abnormalnih tlakova i koncentracija plinova u krvi
uključuju hipoksiju, trovanje ugljičnim dioksidom, trovanje ugljikovim
monoksidom, dušikovu narkozu, neurološki sindrom visokog tlaka i trovanje
kisikom. Dekompresijska bolest nastaje zbog formiranja i rasta mjehurića
inertnog plina u tkivima. Mehanizmi nastanka mnogih fizioloških fenomena u
ronjenju i danas su nerazjašnjeni. Nova istraživanja, sa biofizičkog i imunološkog
gledišta, otvaraju mogućnost boljeg razumjevanja fiziologije ronjenja.
Poznavanje fiziologije ronjenja važno je roniocima i istraživačima, kako bi
razumjeli ograničenja ronjenja i razvili nove tehnike, metode i tehnologije u
ronjenju, hiperbaričnoj medicini i znanosti o ronjenju.

Abstract (english)

Diving is restricted by many important physiological phenomena. The
underwater environment is characterised by great pressure differences while
terrestrial life conditions are relatively constant in that sense. Diving in any
form brings the diver many new problems and restrictions. Inhalation of water
causes damage on multiple structural levels. We differentiate between the
consequences of salt water and fresh water inspiration. Homeostasis control
functions inadequately in breathhold diving and more so in UBA diving.
Barothraumatic injuries form as result of rapid pressure changes in gas-filled
cavities of the body. Hypoxia, hypercapnia, carbon monoxide toxicity, nitrogen
narcosis, high pressure neurological syndrome and oxygen toxicity all form due
to abnormal gas pressures and concentrations in blood. Bubble formation from
previously dissolved inert gas and growth to an untolerable level in body
tissues is called decompression sickness. The mechanisms of many
physiological phenomena in diving remain unclear. New research from a
biophysical and imunological standpoint provides new insights into human
diving physiology. Understanding the principles of diving physiology enables
divers and scientists to better understand the limitations of diving, discover
new techniques, methods and technologies in hyperbaric medicine and diving
science

• Keywords: ronjenje; fiziologija ronjenja
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:301372
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-10-10 08:48:23