Raznolikost pauka (Arachnida, Araneae) u urbanim staništima Zagreba

master's thesis

• Title (english): Species diversity of web spinning spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in Zagreb urban areas
• Author: Iva Čupić
• Mentor: Tvrtko Dražina (mentor)
• Committee member: Tvrtko Dražina (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Maguire (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Luka Valožić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zorica Petrinec (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dražen Balen (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Širenje i ubrzanje urbanizacije dovodi do naglih promjena u okolišu koje mogu poremetiti uloge člankonožaca u njihovim ekološkim nišama. Pauci su dobar modelni organizam za proučavanje utjecaja urbanizacije na člankonošce jer na njihov razvoj mogu utjecati promjene u temperaturi, vegetaciji i dostupnosti plijena. Ciljevi ovog rada bili su: (i) utvrditi broj vrsta, raznolikost i gustoću populacija pauka koje pletu mreže u visoko urbanom okruženju, (ii) odrediti najčešće sinantropske vrste na istraživanim urbanim područjima, (iii) usporediti gustoću populacija pauka u urbanom okruženju i na području s minimalno antropogenog utjecaja, (iv) usporediti gustoću populacija vrste Nuctenea umbratica (Clerck, 1757) u urbanoj sredini te u onoj s minimalno antropogenog utjecaja. Na šest lokacija s tri različita tipa staništa (urbanim staništima, staništima u predgrađu i šumskim staništima) određeno je 30 vrsta pauka, a porodica Araneidae je pokazala najveću brojnost i broj vrsta. Najvećom brojnošću na urbanim staništima istaknula se vrsta N. umbratica. Povećanje brojnosti i broja vrsta zabilježeno je sa smanjenjem antropogenog utjecaja, gdje su urbana staništa pokazala najmanju brojnost i broj vrsta, a šumska najveću. Rezultati rada pružaju osnovu u razumijevanju utjecaja procesa urbanizacije na pauke na području grada Zagreba.

Abstract (english)

The acceleration of urbanization processes leads to abrupt changes in the enviornment that can disrupt the roles of arthropods in their ecological niches. Spiders are a good model organism for studying the impact of urbanization because their development can be affected by changes in temperature, vegetation, and prey availability. The objectives of this study were: (i) to determine the number of web-building spider species, their diversity and density of their populations in urban environment. (ii) to identify the most common synanthropic species in the studied urban areas, (iii) to compare the density of spider populations in urban areas and areas with low impact of urbanization, (iv) determine population densities of Nuctenea umbratica (Clerck, 1757) in the urban areas and areas with low impact of urbanization. Spiders were collected at six locations with three different habitat types (urban habitats, suburban habitats, and forest habitats). A total of 30 spider species were identified, with Araneidae (orb-weaver spiders) showing the highest abundance and species numbers. N. umbratica stood out with the highest abundance. The increase in abundance and number of species was recorded with the decrease in urbanization. Urban habitats showed the lowest abundance and species number, while forest habitats had the highest abundance and species number. The results of this study provide a basis for understanding the impact that urbanization has on spiders in the Zagreb area.

• Keywords: pauci; ekologija; urbanizacija; člankonošci; beskralježnjaci; sinantropija; brojnost; bioraznolikost
• Keywords (english): spiders; ecology; urbanization; arthropods; invertebrates; sinantropy; abundance; biodiversity
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:584563
• Study programme: Title: Enviromental Sciences; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra struke znanosti o okolišu (magistar/magistra struke znanosti o okolišu)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-10-25 12:32:38