Učinak mikroplastike i nanoplastike na poljoprivredne biljke

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on agricultural plants
• Author: Alan Žabčić
• Mentor: Željka Vidaković Cifrek (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Mikroplastika je globalno prisutna u poljoprivrednim tlima. Jednokratni plastični materijali za
prekrivanje tla, primjena otpadnog mulja kao dodatka gnojivima i navodnjavanje su glavni
izvori mikroplastike u poljoprivrednim tlima. Prisutnost mikroplastike u tlu uglavnom
smanjuje kapacitet tla za vodu, a biljke koje rastu u tlu zagađenom mikroplastikom i
nanoplastikom većinom imaju smanjen rast, dolazi do oksidacijskog stresa i smanjena im je
klijavost sjemena. Mikroplastika vrlo malih dimenzija i nanoplastika mogu ulaziti u korijen i
listove biljaka, akumulirati se u provodnim elementima i prenositi u druge dijelove biljke.
Vršak korijena te mjesta ozljeda i odvajanja bočnog korijenja su kritična mjesta ulaska plastike
u korijen. Dodatan izvor zagađenja predstavljaju aditivi prisutni u plastici koji se otpuštaju iz
plastike u okoliš. Nadalje, mikroplastika može adsorbirati teške metale u tlu i smanjiti njihovu
biološku dostupnost. Prisutnost mikroplastike i nanoplastike u jestivim dijelovima biljaka
ukazuje na potrebu daljnjeg istraživanja njihovog učinka, ne samo na poljoprivredne prinose
nego i na ljude i životinje koji konzumiraju biljke izložene plastici.

Abstract (english)

Microplastics are present in agricultural soils worldwide. Single-use plastic mulch films,
sewage sludge used as supplement to fertilisers and irrigation are the largest sources of
microplastics in agricultural soils. The presence of microplastics in soil generally reduces the
water capacity of the soil, and plants growing in soils contaminated with microplastics and
nanoplastic generally have reduced growth, experience oxidative stress, and have reduced seed
germination rates. Nanoplastics and very small microplastics can enter plant roots and leaves,
accumulate in transport elements, and translocate to other plant organs. Root tips, wounds, and
sites where lateral roots emerge are the most critical points for uptake of plastics into roots.
Additives present in plastics can leach into the environment and also pose a pollution risk. In
addition, microplastics can adsorb heavy metals, and reduce their bioavailability. The presence
of microplastics and nanoplastics in edible parts of commonly consumed plants indicates the
need for further research on the effects of these substances, not only on agricultural yields, but
also on humans and animals that consume plants contaminated with plastics.

• Keywords: okoliš; oksidacijski stres; rizosfera; tlo; zagađenje
• Keywords (english): environment; oxidative stress; pollution; rhizosphere; soil
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:212540
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-09-26 13:53:15