Interferencija RNA u odgovoru biljke na biotički i abiotički stres

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): RNA interference in the plant biotic and abiotic stress response
• Author: Josipa Drmić
• Mentor: Dunja Leljak-Levanić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-07, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

U biljkama, interferencija RNA ključna je u regulaciji brojnih razvojnih i fizioloških procesa te
biljnog odgovora na stres. Brojni biotički i abiotički čimbenici koji uzrokuju stres u biljci izazivaju
promjene u razini ekspresije specifičnih malih nekodirajućih molekula RNA, poput mikroRNA i
malih interferirajućih RNA, koje mijenjaju ekspresiju gena uključenih u odgovor biljke na stres i
uspostavljanje rezistencije. Navedeni mehanizam biljkama omogućuje preživljavanje različitih
nepovoljnih uvjeta u okolišu, od suše, ekstremnih temperatura, UV zračenja, visokog saliniteta i
teških metala, do napada patogena i nametnika. Male molekule RNA mogu djelovati na
transkripcijskoj razini, potičući metilaciju DNA de novo i na taj način utišavajući ekspresiju ciljnog
gena, ili pak na post-transkripcijskoj razini, sprječavajući translaciju sa ciljne mRNA i/ili potičući
njezinu degradaciju. Tehnologija interferencije RNA ima veliki potencijal postati moćan, precizan
i ekološki prihvatljiv alat za dobivanje poljoprivrednih kultura otpornih na razne abiotičke i
biotičke čimbenike.

Abstract (english)

In plants, RNA interference is a key in regulation of various developmental and physiological
processes, as well as the plant stress response. Many different biotic and abiotic factors which cause
stress in plants trigger changes in expression levels of specific small non-coding RNAs, such as
microRNAs and small interfering RNAs, which consequently change the expression of
stress-responsive and resistance genes. This mechanism allows plants to survive various adverse
conditions in the environment, such as drought, extreme temperatures, UV radiation, salinity,
heavy metals, as well as pathogen and pest infestations. Small RNAs can operate on a
transcriptional level, triggering de novo DNA methylation and thus inhibiting the expression of
target genes, or on a post-transcriptional level, preventing the translation of target mRNAs and/or
triggering their degradation. RNA interference technology has a great potential to become a
powerful, precise and eco-friendly tool for producing crops resistant to various biotic and abiotic
factors.

• Keywords: epigenetika; mikroRNA; siRNA; otpornost; poljoprivreda; biopesticidi
• Keywords (english): epigenetics; miRNA; siRNA; resistance; agriculture; biopesticides
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:365999
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-10-12 08:50:21