Raznolikost i struktura populacija kamenih koralja (Anthozoa, Scleractinia) u Nacionalnom parku Brijuni

master's thesis

• Title (english): Diversity and population structure of scleractinian corals (Anthozoa, Scleractinia) in the Brijuni National Park
• Author: Katia Štokić
• Mentor: Petar Kružić (mentor)
• Committee member: Petar Kružić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Domagoj Đikić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Antun Alegro (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasna Lajtner (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-02-27, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

U zadnja dva desetljeća tijekom ljetne sezone događaju se masovna uginuća sesilnih vrsta u
Sredozemnom moru zbog utjecaja povećane temperature mora (pozitivne temperaturne anomalije)
sve do 50 metara dubine. Ovi poremećaji uzrokuju teške posljedice na održivost populacija zbog
njihove dugovječnosti (mogu biti stare i do stotinu godina) i spore populacijske dinamike.
Istraživanja su provedena na 6 postaja unutar Nacionalnog parka Brijuni u jesen 2022. godine. Na
istraživanim postajama u NP Brijuni utvrđeno je 34 vrste koralja, što je 29,3% vrsta utvrđenih za
Jadransko more. Najviše vrsta koralja u NP Brijuni utvrđeno je na postajama Vrsar (26 vrsta
koralja) i Peneda (25 vrsta koralja). Vrijednosti površinske temperature mora u 2022. godini bile
su nešto nižih vrijednosti (do 27,7°C) nego prošlih godina kada su temperature mora išle i do 30°C.
Kod vrsta Balanophyllia europaea, Cladocora caespitosa, Leptopsammia pruvoti i Parazoanthus
axinellae tijekom istraživanja utvrđen je pojačan negativan utjecaj povišene temperature mora kroz
pojavu nekroze tkiva polipa i povećanu smrtnost jedinki i kolonija. Na svim istraživanim
postajama utvrđeno je povećanje biomase planktonskih i bentoskih alga, te stvaranje mukusa koji
negativno djeluju na populacije koralja. Smeđa alga Acinetospora crinita prekriva morsko dno na
svim istraživanim postajama. Tijekom istraživanja koralja u NP Brijuni utvrđena je široka
rasprostranjenost invazivne alge Caulerpa cylindracea Sonder na svim istraživanim postajama
Iako su na istraživanim postajama pronađeni ostavljeni ribolovni alati, ti alati nisu uzrok nekih
većih ugroza bentoskih vrsta. Zaštićena područja opravdavaju svoju svrhu u Jadranskom moru
kroz smanjen negativni antropogeni utjecaj, što je vidljivo i u dobivenim rezultatima ovog rada.

Abstract (english)

In the last two decades, during the summer season, mass mortalities of sessile species have
occurred in the Mediterranean Sea due to the influence of increased sea temperature (positive
temperature anomalies) down to 50 meters depth. These disturbances cause severe consequences
for the sustainability of populations due to their longevity (they can be up to a hundred years old)
and slow population dynamics. The research was conducted at 6 stations within the Brijuni
National Park during autumn 2022. 34 species of corals were found at the research stations, which
is 29.3% of the species found in the Adriatic Sea. The most species of corals in NP Brijuni were
found at stations Vrsar (26 species of corals) and Peneda (25 species of corals). Sea surface
temperature values in 2022 were slightly lower (up to 27.7°C) than in previous years when sea
temperatures reached up to 30°C. In the case of the species Balanophyllia europaea, Cladocora
caespitosa, Leptopsammia pruvoti and Parazoanthus axinellae, during the research, an
increasingly negative influence of increased sea temperature through necrosis of polyp tissue and
increased mortality of individuals and colonies was determined. At all investigated stations, an
increase in the biomass of planktonic and benthic algae, as well as the formation of mucus, which
have a negative effect on coral populations, was determined. The brown alga Acinetospora crinita
covers the seabed at all investigated stations. During the research of corals in NP Brijuni, a wide
distribution of the invasive alga Caulerpa cylindracea Sonder was found at all researched stations.
Although left fishing tools were found at the researched stations, these tools are not the cause of
any major threats to benthic species. Protected areas justify their purpose in the Adriatic Sea
through reduced negative anthropogenic influence, which is evident in the results of this work.

• Keywords: Koralji; Zaštićena područja; NP Brijuni; Jadransko more
• Keywords (english): Corals; Protected areas; NP Brijuni; Adriatic Sea
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:709264
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra ekologije i zaštite prirode (magistar/magistra ekologije i zaštite prirode)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-03-24 09:50:20