Utjecaj fizičke aktivnosti na središnji živčani sustav

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): The influence of physical activity on central nervous system
• Author: Toma Draganja
• Mentor: Vesna Benković (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

U ovom radu napravljen je kratki pregled nekih zanimljivih medijatora utjecaja fizičke
aktivnosti na središnji živčani sustav. Sama reakcija tijela na fizičku aktivnost je kompleksan
događaj s nizom otpuštenih hormona i metabolita koji reguliraju metabolizam energije, kao i vodni
metabolizam. Neki od tih faktora utječu i na funkcije mozga. Β-endorfin djeluje analgetički,
uzrokujući tzv. „runner's high“ osjećaj kod dugometražnih trkača. Fizička aktivnost modulira
aktivnost serotonergičkog i dopaminergičkog sustava, čija disfunkcija igra ulogu u mehanizmima
depresije i stvaranja ovisnosti. Vježbanje je povezano i s izlučivanjem BDNF-a, neurotrofnog
faktora s ulogama u induciranju procesa sinaptičke plastičnosti, svojstva živčanog sustava na kojem
se temelje različite kognitivne funkcije. Kratkotrajna fizička aktivnost može potaknuti otpuštanje
oreksina u mozgu, aktivirajući tako budnost i pažnju, između ostalog. Laktat, koji je u prošlosti bio
smatran samo nusproduktom anaerobnog metabolizma, pokazan je kao izvor energije neurona i
modulator različitih moždanih funkcija, s dodatnom potencijalnom ulogom u prevenciji
kognitivnih poremećaja povezanih sa starošću. Sve skupa upućuje na mozak ne samo kao organ za
razmišljanje nego kao i organ za kretanje.

Abstract (english)

In this paper, a brief overview of some interesting mediators of the impact of physical
activity on the central nervous system is provided. The body's response to physical activity itself
is a complex event involving the release of hormones and metabolites that regulate energy
metabolism and water metabolism. Some of these factors also influence brain functions. Βendorphin acts as an analgesic, causing the so-called "runner's high" feeling in long-distance
runners. Physical activity modulates the activity of the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems,
whose dysfunction plays a role in the mechanisms of depression and addiction. Exercise is also
associated with the secretion of BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), which has roles in
inducing synaptic plasticity processes, the neuronal properties underlying various cognitive
functions. Short-term physical activity can stimulate the release of orexin in the brain, thus
activating wakefulness and attention, among other things. Lactate, which was previously
considered only a byproduct of anaerobic metabolism, has been shown to serve as an energy source
for neurons and a modulator of various brain functions, with additional potential roles in the
prevention of age-related cognitive disorders. All of this suggests that the brain is not only an organ
for thinking but also an organ for movement.

• Keywords: laktat; oreksin; BDNF; kognitivne funkcije; endorfin
• Keywords (english): lactate; orexin; BDNF; cognitive function; endorphin
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:203407
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access; Embargo expiration date: 2024-07-17
• Created on: 2023-07-21 10:14:28