Histon deacetilaze i inhibitori histon deacetilaza u razvoju i terapiji tumora

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Histone deacetylases and inhibitors of histone deacetylase in tumor development and therapy
• Author: Korina Gregurić
• Mentor: Nada Oršolić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Acetilacija histona je epigenetička pottranslacijska modifikacija proteina pri kojoj ne dolazi do
promjene u primarnoj strukturi molekule DNA. Sama acetilacija kontrolirana je dvama enzima suprotna
djelovanja, acetilazom histona (engl. histone acetyltransferase, HAT) i deacetilazom histona (engl. histone
deacetylase, DHAC). Deacetilaza histona funkcionira na način da reverzibilno uklanja acetilne skupine s
proteina utječući tako na transkripciju onkogena i tumorsupresor gena. Prilikom tumorigeneze neregulirana
deacetilacija utječe na brojne procese koji dodatno pomažu u razvoju tumorskih stanica npr. angiogeneza,
stanična proliferacija, metastaziranje i brojne druge. Osim histonskih proteina deacetilaze mogu djelovati i
na nehistonske proteine čime dodatno utječu na regulaciju translacije i kontrolne točke u staničnom ciklusu.
Kako bi se riješio problem nekontroliranog rada deacetilaza, znanstvenici su razvili kemijske spojeve koji
djeluju kao inhibitori histon deacetilaza. Njihovim hiperacetiliranjem proteina dolazi do ponovnog
uspostavljanja acetilacijske homeostaze i normalnog staničnog rasta, sprječavajući tako razvitak tumora.

Abstract (english)

Histone acetylation is an epigenetic posttranslational protein modification that does not change the
primary structure of the DNA molecule. Acetylation itself is controlled by two enzymes with opposite
effects, histone acetylase (engl. histone acetyltransferase, HAT) and histone deacetylase (engl histone
deacetylase, DHAC). Histone deacetylase functions by reversibly removing acetyl groups from proteins,
thus affecting the transcription of proteins involved in tumor suppression processes. During tumorigenesis,
unregulated deacetylation affects numerous processes that additionally help in the development of tumor
cells, for example, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, metastasis and many others. In addition to histone
proteins, deacetylases can also act on non-histone proteins, thereby additionally affecting translation
regulation and control points in the cell cycle. In order to solve the problem of uncontrolled activity of
deacetylases, scientist have developed chemical agents that act as histone deacetylase inhibitors. Their
hyperacetylation of proteins leads to re-establishment of acetylation homeostasis and normal cell growth,
thus preventing the development of tumors.

• Keywords: acetilacijska homeostaza; acetilne skupine; proteini; regulacija
• Keywords (english): acetylation homeostasis; acetyl groups; proteins; regulation
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:226313
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-09-20 12:41:08