Primjena pluripotentnih matičnih stanica u terapiji

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Application of pluripotent stem cells in therapy
• Author: Lucija Garmaz
• Mentor: Petra Korać (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-19, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Pluripotentne matične stanice sposobne su diferencirati se u sve tipove tkiva nekog organizma.
Dijele se na embrijske (hESC, od eng. human embryonic stem cells) i inducirane pluripotentne
matične stanice (iPSC, od eng. induced pluripotent stem cells). hESC se dobivaju iz blastociste
predimplantacijskog embrija, dok se iPSC dobivaju reprogramiranjem somatskih stanica. Matične
stanice se koriste primarno za stvaranje životinjskih modela bolesti kako bi se razumjeli
mehanizmi bolesti, što je prvi korak na putu do konačnog cilja – oblikovanja terapije.
Degenerirano tkivo pacijenata oboljelih od neizlječivih bolesti, bilo da je riječ o nekoj neurološkoj
ili kardiovaskularnoj bolesti, smatra se da bi se moglo nadomjestiti poticanjem diferencijacije
pluripotentnih matičnih stanica i unosom u oboljele. Neuroni i kardiomiociti samo su neki od
staničnih tipova u koje se mogu diferencirati pluripotentne stanice. Novija istraživanja pokazuju
da je moguće da će se u bližoj budućnosti cijeli organi oblikovati iz iPSC. iPSC su češće korištene
nego hESC primarno zbog etičkih razloga – hESC je potrebno izolirati iz embrija, što je za embrij
pogubno. Smatra se da bi iPSC mogle revolucionarizirati kliničku terapiju u budućnosti koja je
pred nama.

Abstract (english)

Pluripotent stem cells differentiate into all tissue types of an organism. They can be categorized
into embryonic (hESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). hESCs are isolated from
blastocysts of pre-implantation embryos, while the source of iPSCs are reprogrammed somatic
cells. In therapy, stem cells are primarily used for disease modeling, to understand disease
mechanisms, which is the first step towards reaching the ultimate goal – therapy design.
Degenerated tissue of the patients suffering from untreatable diseases, such as many neurological
of cardiovascular diseases, is believed to be able to be replaced by stimulating the differentiation
of pluripotent stem cells and inserting them into the patients. Neurons and cardiomyocytes are just
some of the cell types in which pluripotent cells can differentiate and thus compensate for
degenerated tissue. New research indicates that it is possible that soon entire organs could be
formed only by using iPSCs. iPSCs are favored over hESCs primarily because of ethical reasons
– hESCs are isolated from embryos, which is fatal for the embryo. iPSCs are believed to be stem
cell type that can revolutionize clinical therapy in the future.

• Keywords: hESC; iPSC; terapija; reprogramiranje stanica; transplantacija
• Keywords (english): hESC; iPSC; therapy; cell reprogramming; transplantation
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:605169
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-09-20 12:48:58