Evolucija DNA i mehanizma replikacije DNA

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Evolution of DNA and DNA replication mechanism
• Author: Nina Romac
• Mentor: Damjan Franjević (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Iako nije poznato koji su selektivni pritisci utjecali na nastanak i ranu evoluciju DNA, neosporno
je da je prelazak s RNA na DNA genome jedan od ključnih događaja u evoluciji života. S
obzirom na to da je replikacija esencijalan proces u svim živućim stanicama, koje su potekle od
zajedničkog pretka, logična bi pretpostavka bila da je osnovna replikacijska mašinerija
homologna u svim trima domenama živog svijeta – bakterijama, arhejama i eukariotima.
Međutim, većina enzima koji sudjeluju u molekularnom mehanizmu replikacije nisu homologni
u svim domenama života, što je podudarno s neovisnim nastancima replikacije DNA. Na kraju
rada ću iznijeti hipotezu prema kojoj su virusi prethodili staničnom životu i potencijalno
predstavljaju poveznicu između DNA i RNA svijeta

Abstract (english)

While it remains uncertain which selective pressures influenced the origin and early evolution of
DNA, the transition from RNA to DNA genomes is undoubtedly a key event in the history of
life. Since replication is an essential process in all living cells, which share a common ancestor, a
reasonable assumption would be that the fundamental replication machinery is homologous
across all three domains of life: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Nonetheless, most enzymes that
play a role in the molecular mechanism of replication are not homologous across all domains of
life, which aligns with the idea of multiple independent inventions of DNA replication. Lastly, I
will discuss a hypothesis that proposes viruses predated cellular life and might serve as the
missing link between the RNA and DNA worlds.

• Keywords: replisom; DNA-polimeraza; LUCA; virusi
• Keywords (english): replisome; DNA-polymerase; LUCA; viruses
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:312611
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-09-25 12:38:22