Raznolikost i ishrana lažipauka (Opiliones) u višegodišnjim mediteranskim agroekosustavima

master's thesis

• Title (english): Diversity and diet of harvestmen (Opiliones) in perennial Mediterranean agroecosystems
• Author: Paula Šašić
• Mentor: Mladen Kučinić (mentor)
• Committee member: Mladen Kučinić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sandra Hudina (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Maguire (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasna Lajtner (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-10-31, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Unatoč brojnosti i širokoj rasprostranjenosti, lažipauci su još uvijek vrlo slabo poznata skupina,
a kao jedno od nedovoljno istraženih područja ističu se i njihovi trofički odnosi. Primarno su
predatori nad manjim beskralješnjacima, ali oportunistički se hrane i strvinama te biljnim
materijalom, zbog čega na više načina mogu utjecati na ekosustave čiji su dio. Cilj ovog rada
bio je utvrditi faunu i ekološke značajke lažipauka u mediteranskim poljoprivrednim
ekosustavima. Provedeno je morfološko određivanje jedinki uzorkovanih u vinogradima i
maslinicima Zadarske županije te utvrđivanje sastava i brojnosti vrsta i analiza probavila dijela
uzorkovanih jedinki DNA metabarkodiranjem. Dobiveni podaci uspoređeni su s podacima o
raznolikosti ostalih skupina beskralješnjaka prikupljenih tijekom terenskog istraživanja u
sklopu istog projekta. Morfološki su određene četiri vrste lažipauka. Najbrojnija je bila vrsta
Phalangium opilio Linnaeus, 1758, a zabilježena je i jedna endemska vrsta zapadne jugoistočne
Europe, Astrobunus dinaricus Roewer, 1915. Metabarkodiranjem probavila lažipauka 10 je
sekvenci beskralješnjaka utvrđeno do vrste, a dvije do porodice, od kojih su tri vrste bile
potencijalni poljoprivredni nametnici. Dobiven je uvid u samo mali, ali obećavajući dio
raznolikosti i uloge lažipauka u vinogradima i maslinicima te su potrebna daljnja istraživanja
kako bi se razjasnio njihov značaj u ovim ekosustavima.

Abstract (english)

Despite their abundance and worldwide distribution, Opiliones are still a very poorly known
order, and their trophic relationships are under-researched as well. They are primarily predators
of smaller invertebrates, but also opportunistically feed on carrion and plant matter, which is
why they affect the ecosystems they are a part of in multiple ways. This work aimed to
determine the fauna and ecological characteristics of Opiliones in Mediterranean agricultural
ecosystems. Morphological determination of the individuals sampled in the vineyards and olive
groves of Zadar County was carried out, as well as analysis of the composition and abundance
of species and DNA metabarcoding of gut contents of selected individuals. The obtained data
was compared with data on the diversity of other groups of invertebrates collected during field
research as part of the same project. Four species of harvestmen were morphologically
identified. The most numerous was Phalangium opilio Linnaeus, 1758, and there was one
endemic species of the Western Southeast Europe, Astrobunus dinaricus Roewer, 1915. DNA
metabarcoding revealed ten species and two families of invertebrates, of which three species
were potential agricultural pests. This research gives an insight into a small but promising part
of the diversity and role of harvestmen in vineyards and olive groves, and further research is
needed to clarify their significance in these ecosystems.

• Keywords: DNA-metabarkodiranje; bioraznolikost; maslinici; vinogradi; biološko suzbijanje; trofičke analize
• Keywords (english): DNA-metabarcoding; biodiversity; olive groves; vineyards; biological control; trophic analyses
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:915855
• Project: Number: UIP-2017-05-1046; Title: Neonikotinoidi i bakar u mediteranskoj poljoprivredi – učinci na neciljanu faunu beskralješnjaka kroz trofičke interakcije; Title: Neonicotinoids and copper in the mediterranean agriculture – their effects on non-target invertebrat; Acronym: MEDITERATRI; Leader: Lucija Šerić Jelaska; Jurisdiction: Croatia; Funder: HRZZ; Funding stream: UIP
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra ekologije i zaštite prirode (magistar/magistra ekologije i zaštite prirode)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access; Embargo expiration date: 2024-10-31
• Created on: 2023-11-15 12:31:15