Adaptivne radijacije u ekološkoj specijaciji

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Adaptive radiations in ecological speciation
• Author: Lara Krkanić
• Mentor: Anamaria Štambuk (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-21, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Adaptivna radijacija jest proces u kojem organizmi iz zajedničkog pretka diversificiraju u mnoštvo novih oblika, a potaknuta je promjenom uvjeta u okolišu ili novim resursima koji populaciji postaju dostupni (primjer su Darwinove zebe s otočja Galapagos). Adaptivna radijacija posljedica je ekološke specijacije. To je pak proces nastanka novih vrsta koji proizlazi iz reproduktivne izolacije do koje dolazi zbog nekog ekološkog čimbenika koji smanjuje ili eliminira protok gena između dviju populacija. Uz navedeno, i hibridizacija može biti uzrok adaptivnoj radijaciji. Ona je izvor nekih novih svojstava u primjeru porodice Cichlidae u trima istočnoafričkim jezerima. Sva tri jezera predstavljaju žarišta bioraznolikosti budući da se u evolucijski kratkom vremenu od nekoliko stotina tisuća godina (u jezeru Victoria i manje) tamo diversificiralo nekoliko stotina endemskih vrsta.

Abstract (english)

Adaptive radiation is a process in which organisms diversify rapidly from an ancestral species
into a multitude of new forms, particularly when there is a change in the environment al
conditions or new resources become available to organisms (example: Darwin's finches on
Galapagos I slands). Adaptive radiation is a consequence of ecological speciation. It is a
process in which new species form due to reproductive isolation that occurs because of a
certain ecological factor that reduces or eliminates gene flow between two populations . In
additon, hybridization can also be the cause of adaptive radiation. It is the cause of some new
characteristics in Cichlidae family which inhabit s three East African lakes. These lakes
represent hotspots of biodiversity, since a few hundred endemic species have diversified there
in short period of time, in just several thousand years (in La ke Victoria even less).

• Keywords: adaptivna radijacija; specijacija; Darwinove zebe; istočnoafrička jezera; porodica Cichlidae
• Keywords (english): adaptive radiation; speciation; Darwin’s finches; East African lakes; family Cichlidae
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:649643
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Sciences-University undergraduate programme; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-01-11 11:35:30