Morfološka i genska karakterizacija populacije obrvana Aphanius fasciatus (Teleostei, Aphaniidae) u uvali Šćuza

master's thesis

• Title (english): Morphological and genetic characterization of the Mediterranean killifish population Aphanius fasciatus (Teleostei, Aphaniidae) in the Šćuza Bay
• Author: David Dianežević
• Mentor: Ivana Buj (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivana Buj (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Antun Alegro (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zoran Marčić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanja Gottstein (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-06-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Obrvan, Aphanius fasciatus, je eurihalina vrsta koja naseljava vodna tijela kojima su svojstvene ekstremne vrijednosti saliniteta i temperature. Svi zabilježeni lokaliteti rasprostranjenosti međusobno su odvojeni zbog malog broja pogodnih staništa što uz značajke biologije vrste, različite pritiske i ugroze te izostanak protoka gena između populacija dovodi opstanak lokalnih populacija u pitanje. Ciljevi ovog istraživanja bili su opisati morfološke karakteristike i gensku raznolikost populacije u uvali Šćuza, utvrditi filogenetski položaj i srodstvene odnose u odnosu na druge populacije ove vrste te predložiti konzervacijske mjere za opstanak populacije. Za proučavanje morfologije koristila se deskriptivna statistika, a t-testom je istraživana razlika u morfometrijskim karakteristikama mužjaka i ženki. Kako bi se utvrdili srodstveni odnosi među populacijama, provedena je filogenetska rekonstrukcija na temelju sekvenci gena za citokrom b pomoću metode najveće parsimonije, metode najveće vjerojatnosti i metode susjednog povezivanja. Uz to analizom vijabilnosti populacije utvrđeno je koje prijetnje imaju najveći učinak na opstanak populacije. Dobiveni rezultati smještaju istraživanu populaciju u sjevernojadransku grupu populacija obrvana. Utvrđena je umjerena genska raznolikost, no nešto viša nego u drugim populacijama na istočnoj obali Jadrana. Kao najveća prijetnja opstanku populacije prepoznata je degradacija staništa.

Abstract (english)

The Mediterranean killifish, Aphanius fasciatus, is a euryhaline species that inhabits water bodies characterized by extreme values of salinity and temperature. All recorded localities of distribution are separated from each other due to the small number of suitable habitats, which in addition to the features of the species' biology, different pressures and threats and the absence of gene flow between populations leads local populations to extinction. The aim of this study was: describe the morphological characteristics and genetic diversity of the population in the Šćuza bay, determine the phylogenetic position and relationships in relation to other populations of this species, and to propose conservation measures for the survival of the population. Descriptive statistics was used to study the morphology, and the difference in the morphometric characteristics of males and females was investigated using the t-test. To determine relationships between populations, a phylogenetic reconstruction was used, based on cytochrome b gene sequences using the maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and median joining. In addition, a population viability analysis determined which threats have the biggest effect on the population survival. The results place the researched population in the northern Adriatic group of Mediterranean killifish populations. Moderate genetic diversity was found, but somewhat higher than in other populations on the eastern coast of the Adriatic. Habitat degradation is recognized as the biggest threat to the survival of the population.

• Keywords: Aphanius fasciatus; morfologija; populacijska genetika; citokrom b; konzervacija; Jadransko more
• Keywords (english): Aphanius fasciatus; morphology; population genetics; cytochrome b; conservation; Adriatic Sea
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:221444
• Study programme: Title: Ecology and Nature Preservation-University graduate programme; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra ekologije i zaštite prirode (sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra ekologije i zaštite prirode)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Embargoed access; Embargo expiration date: 2024-12-17
• Created on: 2024-07-03 11:59:49