Utjecaj mikroplastike na pojavu oksidacijskog stresa i aktivnost antioksidacijskih enzima u korjenčićima luka (Allium cepa L.)

master's thesis

• Title (english): The effect of microplastics on oxidative stress appearance and activity of antioxidant enzymes in onion (Allium cepa L.) roots
• Author: Mihaela Jakopčić
• Mentor: Biljana Balen (mentor)
• Mentor: Renata Biba (komentor)
• Committee member: Biljana Balen (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasna Lajtner (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Kristina Pikelj (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mladen Maradin (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Blanka Cvetko Tešović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Sve učestalija proizvodnja i upotreba različitih plastičnih proizvoda u širokom spektru ljudskih
djelatnosti kao i neadekvatno zbrinjavanje dovelo je do nakupljanja plastike u okolišu. Različitim
procesima plastika se razgrađuje na sitnije čestice poput mikroplastike (MPs) koje zbog male
veličine imaju tendenciju nakupljanja i bioakumulacije u tkivima biljaka, životinja i ljudi. U
ovom radu ispitan je utjecaj 0,01, 0,1 i 1 g L-1 MPs od dva različita tipa polimera, polistirena (PSMPs) i polimetil metakrilata (PMMA-MPs) na pojavu oksidacijskog stresa u korjenčićima luka
(Allium cepa). Određena je stabilnost čestica, pri čemu je zabilježena manja stabilnost PS-MPs u
odnosu na PMMA-MPs. Mjerenjem duljine korjenčića nije zabilježen toksični učinak na rast
izuzev tretmana s PS-MPs kod najmanje ispitane koncentracije. Izmjereni sadržaj reaktivnih
oblika kisika (ROS) ukazao je na izostanak oksidacijskog stresa, što je potvrđeno mjerenjem
oštećenja lipida, proteina i molekule DNA gdje su također izostale statistički značajne promjene
u odnosu na kontrolu, uz nešto više vrijednosti tretmana PS-MPs u odnosu na PMMA-MPs.
Povećana aktivnost antioksidacijskih enzima superoksid dismutaze (SOD), katalaze (CAT),
askorbat (APX) i pirogalol peroksidaze (PPX) zabilježena je kod svih tretmana, pri čemu je
najveća aktivnost zabilježena kod najveće ispitane koncentracije. Rezultati su pokazali da PSMPs ima jači toksični utjecaj od PMMA-MPs.

Abstract (english)

The increasing production and use of various plastic products in a wide range of human activities,
as well as inappropriate disposal has led to the accumulation of plastic in the environment. Plastic
decomposes into smaller particles such as microplastics (MPs) through various processes, which
tend to accumulate and bioaccumulate in plants, animals and human. In this study, the effects of
0,01, 0,1 i 1 g L-1 MPs from two different types of polymers, polystyrene (PS-MPs) and
polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA-MPs), on the occurrence of oxidative stress in onion (Allium
cepa) roots were examined. The stability of the particles was determined with PS-MPs stability
being lower compared to PMMA-MPs. No toxic effect on growth was observed by measurement
of root length, except for the treatment with PS-MPs at the lowest tested concentration. The
content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) indicated the absence of oxidative stress, which was
proven by measuring lipid, protein and DNA damage, which showed no significant changes
compared to control, with slightly higher values of PS-MPs treatment compared to PMMA-MPs.
Activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate
(APX) and pyrogallol peroxidase (PPX) was increased in all treatments, with the highest activity
at the highest tested concentration. The results indicate that PS-MPs are more toxic than PMMAMPs.

• Keywords: polistiren; polimetil metakrilat; lipidna peroksidacija; proteinski karbonili; oštećenje DNA
• Keywords (english): polystyrene; polymethyl methacrylate; lipid peroxidation; protein carbonyls; DNA damage
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:245056
• Project: Number: IP-2022-10-3824; Title: Interaktivni učinci mikroplastike i nanosrebra na kopnene i vodene biljke i alge; Title: MIcroplastic and Nanosilver InteractiONs in terrestrial and freshwater plants and algae; Acronym: MINION; Leader: Biljana Balen; Jurisdiction: Croatia; Funder: Hrvatska zaklada za znanost; Funding stream: Research Projects
• Study programme: Title: Experimental Biology-University graduate programme; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra eksperimentalne biologije (sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra eksperimentalne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-07-29 11:26:21