Genetska osnova karcinoma mokraćnog mjehura

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Genetic basis of bladder carcinoma
• Author: Karla Jelinčić
• Mentor: Petra Korać (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-06, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Jedna od najučestalijih malignih bolesti na svijetu je karcinom mokraćnog mjehura. Kod muškaraca mlađih od 75 godina se javlja češće nego kod ženskog spola, s tim da je kod žena veća stopa smrtnosti. Disurija, povećana potreba za mokrenjem, ili nemogućnost mokrenja su najizraženiji simptomi bolesti. Dijagnoza se postavlja cistoskopijom s transuretalnom resekcijom nakon koje slijedi patološka analiza tumorskog tkiva kojom se doznaje je li riječ o mišićno-invazivnom ili mišićno-neinvazivnom karcinomu. Svjetska zdravstvena organizacija (WHO, od eng. World Health Organisation) i tumor-limfni čvor-metastaza (TMN, od eng. Tumor, Nodes and Metastasis) sustavi su najčešći klasifikacijski sustavi ove maligne bolesti. Stanice se krenu jako brzo i nekontrolirano dijeliti, najčešće kao rezultat međudjelovanja promijenjenih onkogena i gena za tumorske supresore. Najčešće mutacije su one u genima FGFR3, RB1, HRAS i TP5. Rizični faktori koji utječu na za razvoj karcinoma mokraćnog mjehura su pušenje duhana, konzumacija kave, vode za piće i parazitska trematoda Schistosomiasis haematobium. Za njegovo liječenje primjenjuje se ili kemoterapijsko ili imunoterapijsko liječenje, ali pozornost treba obratiti i na otpornost pacijenata na određene terapije.

Abstract (english)

One of the most common malignant diseases in the world is bladder cancer. It occurs more often in men under the age of 75 than in women, with a higher mortality rate when diagnosed in women. Dysuria, increased need to urinate, or inability to urinate are the most common symptoms of the disease. The diagnosis is made by cystoscopy with transurethral resection, followed by a pathological analysis of tumor tissue to determine whether it is muscle-invasive or non-muscle-invasive cancer. World Health Organisation (WHO) and Tumor, Nodes, Metastasis (TNM) systems are the most common classification systems of this malignant disease. Cells begin to divide very quickly and uncontrollably, most often as a result of the interaction of changed oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Most often mutations are the one in genes FGFR3, RB1, HRAS and TP5. Risk factors that influence the development of bladder cancer include tobacco smoking, coffee consumption, drinking water, and the parasitic trematode Schistosomiasis haematobium. Chemotherapy or immunotherapy is used for treatment, but attention should also be paid to the patient's resistance to certain therapies.

• Keywords: onkogen; disurija; mutacija; kemoterapija; imunoterapija
• Keywords (english): oncogene; dysuria; mutation; chemotherapy; immunotherapy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:059972
• Study programme: Title: Molecular biology-University undergraduate programme; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-09-18 10:38:58