Komparativna analiza genoma čovjeka i primata

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Comparative analysis of human and primate genome
• Author: Lucija Sunko
• Mentor: Višnja Besendorfer (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-07-03, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Između primata postoji značajna fenotipska raznolikost, iako se radi o blisko srodnim vrstama. Prvi sekvencirani i objavljeni genom primata, nakon ljudskog, bio je čimpanzin 2005. godine. On je uspoređen s ljudskim te je napravljen katalog genetičkih razlika između ta dva genoma. Daljnji napredak u tehnologijama sekvenciranja genoma te dostupnost visokokvalitetnih sekvenci genoma svih ostalih primata pruža mnoge mogućnosti za komparativnu genomiku primata. Dostupne sekvence omogućuju usporedbu svih komponenti genoma, što vodi do novih saznanja o genotipskoj osnovi fenotipskih sličnosti i razlika između ljudi i primata. Strukturne varijacije, uključujući delecije i insercije, čine veliki udio genetskih razlika između vrsta te se smatra da su uz promjene regulacije gena i protein-kodirajućih sekvenci imale glavnu ulogu u oblikovanju fenotipskih razlika između ljudi i primata.

Abstract (english)

There is significant phenotypic diversity in primates, even though they are closely related species. In 2005, the chimpanzee genome was the first nonhuman primate genome to be sequenced and published. It was compared with the human genome and a catalogue of genetic differences between the two genomes was made. Further advances in genome sequencing technologies and the availability of high-quality genome sequences of all primates provide many opportunities for comparative primate genomics. Available sequences allow comparison of all components of the genome, leading to new insights into the genotypic basis of phenotypic similarities and differences between humans and primates. Structural variations, including deletions and insertions, account for a large proportion of genetic differences between species and are thought to have a major impact in shaping the phenotypic differences between humans and primates, along with changes in gene regulation and protein-coding sequences.

• Keywords: čovjekoliki majmuni; komparativna genomika; novi geni; molekularna evolucija; alteracije genoma; regulacija gena
• Keywords (english): great apes; comparative genomics; new genes; molecular evolution; genome alterations; gene regulation
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:845904
• Study programme: Title: Molecular biology-University undergraduate programme; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-09-18 10:51:58