Alternativne hipoteze o filogenetskim odnosima među Porifera, Ctenophora i Parahoxozoa

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Alternative hypotheses on phylogenetic relationship among Porifera, Ctenophora and Parahoxozoa
• Author: Katarina Zrilić
• Mentor: Anamaria Štambuk (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-14, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Ovaj rad nudi pregled dostupne literature vezane uz problematiku osnovne filogenije Metazoa. Filogenetski odnosi pet koljena carstva Metazoa nisu razjašnjeni. Na temelju morfoloških i molekularnih analiza formirane su različite hipoteze o tome koja je skupina prva nastala iz posljednjeg zajedničkog pretka svih životinja. Isključivo na temelju morfoloških usporedbi skupina Porifera dugo je vremena smatrana sestrinskom skupinom svim ostalima. Napretkom u molekularnim analizama, poglavito sekvenciranju genoma, postali su dostupni novi podaci čijom usporedbom je ovakva filogenija dovedena u pitanje. Novi kandidat za najstariju skupinu Metazoa postali su Ctenophora. Ovisno o metodama uzorkovanja te odabranim modelima za obradu podataka, istraživanja temeljena na sličnim setovima podataka mogu dati kontradiktorne zaključke te trenutno ne postoji znanstveni konsenzus oko osnovne filogenije Metazoa.

Abstract (english)

This bachelor thesis offers an overview of the available literature related to the issue of the basic phylogeny of Metazoa. The phylogenetic relationships of the five genera of the kingdom Metazoa have not been determined. Based on morphological and molecular analyses, different hypotheses were formed about which was the first group that arose from the last common ancestor of all animals. For a long time, based solely on morphological comparisons, the Porifera group was considered a sister group to all others. With progress in molecular analyses, especially genome sequencing, new data became available, bringing this phylogeny into question. Ctenophora became a new candidate for the oldest group of Metazoa. Depending on the sampling methods and selected models for data processing, studies based on similar data sets can give contradictory conclusions, and currently there is no scientific consensus about the basic phylogeny of Metazoa.

• Keywords: Hox geni; gubitak gena; živčani sustav; konvergentna evolucija
• Keywords (english): Hox genes; gene loss; nervous system; convergent evolution
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:352139
• Study programme: Title: Molecular biology-University undergraduate programme; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-09-22 10:17:54