Evolucija hominida (por. Hominidae)

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Evolution of hominids (fam. Hominidae)
• Author: Nikolina Černauš
• Mentor: Damjan Franjević (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2014, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Evolucija hominida obuhvaća period od prije oko 60 milijuna godina pa sve do danas i odnosi se na razvoj čovjekolikih majmuna i čovjeka. Evolucijski je proces često bio ispresijecan geološkim promjenama: tektonski pokreti Zemljine kore, isušivanja mora, promjene klime. Promjene u uvjetima okoliša u kojima su se razvijali primati djelovao je izravno i na tijek njihove evolucije. Najraniji hominidi klasificiraju se u tri roda; Sahelanthropus, Orrorin i Ardipithecus, iz kojeg kasnije razvija rod Australopithecus, a iz njega u konačnici rod Homo. Hominidima smatramo primate koji barem dijelom hodaju uspravno i bipedalno, dok im zubalo pokazuje veliku sličnost sa zubalom vrste Homo sapiens – mali očnjaci, niski kutnjaci, ravni sjekutići, nedostatak dijasteme. Razvoj bipedalizma i zubala omogućio je i razvoj snažnih vratnih mišića, što je zajedno s uspravnim držanjem omogućilo povećanje i razvoj mozga.

Abstract (english)

Evolution of hominids covers the period of the last 60 million years and it refers on the developement of apes and humans. The process of evolution has in a way been conditioned by the changes that arrose during time, and they included tectonic movements of the Earths crust, ocean draining and climate change – all of which made severe impact on the habitat of primates, forcing them to adapt. The oldest known hominids are classified in three genera : Sahelanthropus, Orrorin and Ardipithecus, who gave rise to genus Australopithecus, from which genus Homo had evolved. Hominids are primates with upright bipedal locomotion, at least partly, while their dentition shows great ressemblance to the one we find in humans, with little canines, low molars, vertical incisors and the absence of diastema. Bipedalism and dentition developement allowed strong neck musles to evolve. That event, along with the upright posture, marked the begining of encephalisation process.

• Keywords: evolucija hominida
• Keywords (english): evolution of hominids
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:882260
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-12-06 10:31:05