Mehanizmi uključeni u brzo zatvaranje stupica karnivornih biljaka

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Trapping mechanisms of carnivorous plants
• Author: Marija Čuček
• Mentor: Mirta Tkalec (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2014, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Iako nam se biljke na prvi pogled čine vrlo statičnima, one se zapravo mogu gibati, a neka od tih gibanja su vrlo brza. Primjer takvih brzih gibanja je zatvaranje stupica kod karnivornih biljaka rodova Aldrovanda, Utricularia i Dionaea. Mehanizmi tih gibanja su složeni. Karnivorne su biljke te mehanizme razvile zbog prilagodbe na okolišne uvjete i manjak potrebnih nutrijenata. Kod venerine muholovke u mehanizam zatvaranja uključene su aktivna biokemijska komponenta i pasivna elastična komponenta, međutim nijedna nije u potpunosti objašnjena. Još uvijek nije razjašnjen točan prijenos K+ iona preko membrana stanica kao ni način na koji venerina muholovka „pamti“ dva uzastopna podražaja koji se dese u vremenskom razmaku od 20 s. Mjehurasta vodena stupica ima mehanizam zatvaranja u koji je prilikom savijanja uključeno samo središnje rebro. Po tome se najviše razlikuje od mehanizma zatvaranja stupice kod venerine muholovke. Zašto se razlikuju, iako potječu od zajedničkog terestičkog pretka, još uvijek nije u potpunosti jasno. Kod vrsta roda Utricularia plijen biva uhvaćen usisavanjem. Unutar mjehurate stupice nađeni su različiti
mikroorganizmi, međutim ne zna se koji su mutualistički, a koji biljka hvata i razgrađuje da bi iz njih uzela potrebne minerale. Nije razjašnjeno ni zašto dolazi do povremenog zatvaranja stupice bez ikakvog podražaja. Sudeći po svim pitanjima koja ostaju neodgovorena u vezi različitih mehanizama zatvaranja stupica, to područje biologije ostaje otvoreno za mnoga istraživanja.

Abstract (english)

When observing plants, they seem relatively immobile, but if we carefully watch them, it is clear that plants do provide movements, and sometimes even rapid ones. Trapping mechanisms of carnivourus plants in the genera Aldrovanda, Utricularia and Dionaea, are some of examples. These mechanisms are very complex, and are developed as an adaption to environmental conditions and lack of nutrients. Trapping mechanisms of the Venus flytrap include active biochemical component and passive elastic component, but none of them are completely understood. Exact transport of K+ ions through the cell wall, and the way Venus flytrap „memoryizes“ two stimulus within 20 s, are not clear enough. The waterwheel plant deforms only her midrib during closure. That is the main diference between trapping mechanism of the Venus flytrap. Even though they originate from the same ancestor, it is still not fully understood why their mechanisms are different. All species of the genus Utricularia have suction traps. In their traps there are various microorganisms but it is not understood yet which of them are microorganisms living as commensals and which are prey used for absorption of mineral nutrients. Spontaneous firings without any apparent cause are also not yet fully clear. Many questions regarding the different mechanisms of closing traps remain unanswered leaving this field of biology with wide range of possible research.

• Keywords: karnivorne biljke
• Keywords (english): carnivorous plants
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:985681
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-12-06 10:37:26