Evolucijska sistemska biologija

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Evolutionary Systems Biology
• Author: Tin Kocijan
• Mentor: Damjan Franjević (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-07-14, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Sistemska biologija je mlada znanost koja kroz holistički pristup biološkom sustavu pokušava opisati njegova svojstva koristeći matematičke modele. Pristup biološkim entitetima u potpunosti se razliku od analitičkih redukcionističkih metoda te se sustav sagledava u cjelini sa svim svojim svojstvima. Matematički modeli su apstraktni prikazi objekata ili procesa koji pokušavaju objasniti njihovva svojstva. Temelj su razvitka modela su metode kao sto su constraint-based reconstruction analysis (CoBRA) i Flux-based analysis (FBA). Razumijevanje kompleksnih bioloških mreža omogučilo je otkriće mrežnih motiva, jednostavnih oblika interakcija koje se u regulatornim genskim mrežama pojavljuju frekvencijom mnogo češćom od one koja je očekivana u nasumičnim mrežama. Značaj pojedinih mrežnih motiva i njihova frekvencija sugeriraju njihovu evolucijsku važnost. Evolucijska sistemska biologija pristupa evoluciji sistema u striktnom kvantificiranom smislu uz pomoć tzv. fitness landscape-a te pokušava objasniti evoluciju modularnosti mrežnih motiva i zašto su se njihova svojstva razvila na način na koji jesu te koje promjene dovode do poboljšavajućih ili pogoršavajući utjecaja na funkcionalnost pojedinih modula mrežnih motiva. Pored evolucije same modularnosti, evolucijska sistemska biologija može pratiti evoluciju i samih mrežnih motiva. Evolucijska sistemska biologija je iznimno mlada znanstvena grana koja je tek u svome začetku razvoj metoda i pristupa biološkim problemima.

Abstract (english)

Systems biology is a young scientific field that holistically approaches to a biological system and tends to describe it by using mathematical models. A mathematical model is an abstract representation of objects or processes that explains features of these objects or processes. Approaches takes by systems biology for a given entity contrasts the reductional and analytical approach and considers a system as a whole. Understanding of complex biosystems was largely enlightened with a discovery of network motifs, simple patterns that occur much more frequently in a regulatory network than it would be expected by chance in a random network. The significance of particular network motifs suggests their evolutionary importance. Evolutionary systems biology approaches to systems' evolution in a strictly quantifiable manner with a help of fitness landscape and tries to explain the evolution of modularity of network motifs and why did their properties evolved in such a way, and which changes lead to improved or decreased effects on the functionality of [particular network motifs. Besides modularity, evolutionary systems biology can track the evolution network motifs themselves. Evolutionary systems biology is extremely young filed of science that is still in its initial state of developing methods and tools to approach the biological problem.

• Keywords: sistemska biologija
• Keywords (english): systems biology
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:154542
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-12-07 08:21:47