Inhibitori imunosupresije u terapiji tumora

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Immunosuppression inhibitors in tumor therapy
• Author: Anamarija Salar
• Mentor: Inga Marijanović (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Stanice imunološkog sustava koje imaju esencijalnu ulogu u obrani od tumora su T-stanice. Tumorske stanice koriste različite mehanizme kako bi spriječili aktivaciju T-stanica, a samim time i djelotvoran imunološki odgovor organizma. Tumori mogu stimulirati signalizacijske putove inhibitorskih molekula (CTLA-4 i PD-1) koje su izražene na površini T-stanica. CTLA-4 i PD-1 imaju različite mehanizme djelovanja; CTLA-4 sprječava klonalno umnožavanje T-stanica, a PD-1 ograničava funkcije efektorskih T-stanica. Blokiranjem inhibitorskih receptora možemo dobiti djelotvoran antitumorski odgovor koji se može koristiti u imunoterapiji. Novi lijekovi su zapravo monoklonska antitijela koja su usmjerena na razoružavanje obrane tumora u odnosu na naš imunološki sustav. Istraživanja su pokazala dobre rezultate u liječenju uznapredovalog melanoma, karcinoma bubrega i karcinoma pluća. Klinički testirani lijekovi koji najviše obećavaju su ipilimumab (blokator CTLA-4) i nivolumab (inhibitor PD-1).

Abstract (english)

Immune system cells, which play an essential role in the defense against tumors are T-cells. Tumor cells use different mechanisms to prevent activation of T-cells, and thus an effective immune response of the body. Tumors may stimulate inhibitory signaling pathway molecules (CTLA-4 and PD-1) which are expressed on the surface of T-cells. CTLA-4 and PD-1 have different mechanisms of action; CTLA-4 prevents clonal multiplication of T cells and PD-1 limits the function of effector T-cells. By blocking the inhibitory receptor we can get effective antitumor response which can be used in immunotherapy. New drugs are actually monoclonal antibodies directed to tumor disarming defense in relation to our immune system. Studies have shown good results in the treatment of advanced melanoma, renal cancer and lung cancer. The most promising clinically evaluated drugs are ipilimumab (blockers of CTLA-4) and nivolumab (inhibitor of PD-1).

• Keywords: imunoterapija
• Keywords (english): immunotherapy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:035956
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-12-18 11:30:26