Uloga dlaka u forenzičkoj analizi

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): The role of hair in forensic analysis
• Author: Karlo Skube
• Mentor: Inga Marijanović (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Dlaka je jedan od najčešćih dokaza korištenih u forenzičkoj analizi. Zbog jednostavnog prenošenja, lako može povezati sumnjivca s mjestom zločina ili žrtvom. Usporedni mikroskop koristi se pri mikroskopskoj usporedbi poznatog i istraživanog uzorka dlake. Mikroskopska analiza dlake može pomoći u određivanju rase, područja rasta dlake, dobi i spola. Ukoliko iščupana dlaka ima sačuvan korijen ili je na sebi zadržala okolnog folikularnog tkiva, iz nje se može izolirati nuklearna DNA, napraviti DNA profil i individualizirati osobu. Također, pomoć pri identifikaciji pruža i mitohondrijska DNA, ali ona ne može služiti u individualizaciji jer se nasljeđuje po majčinoj liniji. Poboljšavanjem postojećih metoda jednostavnim unaprijeđenjima kao što je fiksacija dlake u apsolutnom etanolu te razvitkom novih metoda značajno se povećava uspješnost izolacije DNA. Upotrebom drugačijih boja kao što je Harris’s Haematoxylin dolazi do poboljšanja dvije stvari. Prva je smanjenje sigurnosnih rizika jer je Harris’s Haematoxylin mnogo sigurnija boja od DAPI-ja. Drugo poboljšanje je eliminacija potrebe za korištenjem fluorescencijskog mikroskopa jer je DNA vidljiva i bez poticanja fluorescencije određenim valnim duljinama.

Abstract (english)

Hair is one of the most common evidence used in forensic analysis. Due to a simple transfer, it can easily connect a suspect to a crime scene or victim. Comparison microscope is used in microscopic comparison of known and unknown hair sample. Microscopic analysis of the hair can help determine someone’s race, part of the body where hair was growing, age and gender. If it has preserved root or parts of surrounding follicular tissue, it can be used for nuclear DNA isolation, profiling and individualization of a person. Mitochondrial DNA can also help in identification but it cannot individualize a person because it is inherited maternally. Improvement in existing methods with simple advancements such as fixation of hair in absolute ethanol and development of new methods significantly increases efficiency of DNA isolation. Using different colors such as Harris’s Haematoxylin, improvement occurs in two things. The first is to reduce security risks because Harris’s Haematoxylin is much more safer than DAPI. Second improvement is the elimination of the need to use fluorescent microscope because DNA is visible without simulating fluorescence by certain wavelengths.

• Keywords: dlaka; uzorak dlake; forenzička analiza
• Keywords (english): hair; hair sample; forensic analysis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:080422
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-12-18 11:52:33