Epigenetičko reprogramiranje spolnih prastanica

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Epigenetic reprogramming in primordial germ cells
• Author: Sunčica Stipoljev
• Mentor: Gordana Lacković-Venturin (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Epigenetski profil spolnih prastanica, koji je definiran modifikacijama DNA i kromatina, dinamično se mijenja za vrijeme njihovog razvoja. Dva puta u životnom ciklusu, metilacijski biljezi DNA se reprogramiraju na globalnoj razini i istodobno se obnavlja razvojni potencijal. Obrasci metilacije DNA su zatim ponovno uspostavljeni, u skladu sa različitim staničnim sudbinama. Ovo reprogramiranje metilacijskog obrasca DNA odvija se u zigoti nakon fertilizacije i u primordijalnim zametnim stanicama, koje su izravni preci spermija i oocita. U svakoj fazi reprogramiranja, jedinstveni set mehanizama regulira brisanje metilacije DNA i njezino ponovno uspostavljanje. Još nema istraživanja o potpunoj ontogenezi spolnih stanica u čovjeka i jako malo podataka je zabilježeno u vezi s kromatinskim promjenama i demetilacijom DNA u spolnim prastanicama. Doista, nije ustanovljen konačan redoslijed zbivanja ovih događaja u čovjeka (Leitch i sur., 2013).

Abstract (english)

The epigenetic profile of germ cells, which is defined by modifications of DNA and chromatin, changes dynamically during their development. At two points in the life cycle, DNA methylation marks are reprogrammed on a global scale, concomitant with restoration of developmental potency. DNA methylation patterns are subsequently re-established with the commitment towards a distinct cell fate. This reprogramming of DNA methylation takes place firstly on fertilization in the zygote, and secondly in primordial germ cells (PGCs), which are the direct progenitors of sperm or oocyte. In each reprogramming phase, a unique set of mechanisms regulates DNA methylation erasure and re-establishment. No studies are yet available on the full ontogeny of germline epigenetic reprogramming in the human and very few observations have been reported with regard to chromatin changes and DNA demethylation in PGCs. Indeed, a definitive timeline of when these events occur in humans has not been established (Leitch i sur., 2013).

• Keywords: epigenetičko reprogramiranje; spolne prastanice
• Keywords (english): epigenetic reprogramming; primordial germ cells
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:963293
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-12-18 12:01:09