Programirana stanična smrt

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Programmed cell death
• Author: Maja Šetinc
• Mentor: Biljana Balen (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Cilj ovog seminara upoznavanje je s osnovnim mehanizmima apoptoze i glavnim ulogama programirane stanične smrti u višestaničnim organizmima. Apoptoza je programirani proces stanične smrti praćen aktivacijom kaspaza, cisteinskih aspartat – specifičnih proteaza. Postoje dva puta apoptoze – intrinzični i ekstrinzični. Intrinzični put započinje permeabilizacijom vanjske membrane mitohondrija, a ekstrinzični vezanjem signalnih molekula na receptore smrti u staničnoj membrani. Apoptoza ima veliku ulogu u pravilnom razvoju organizama. Osim održavanja ravnoteže između novonastalih i umirućih stanica, jedan je od glavnih pokretača morfogeneze i reorganizacije tkiva. Pojačana ili smanjena apoptoza nekih stanica jedan su od uzroka starenja. Programirana stanična smrt kompleksni je proces koji se može regulirati na mnogo razina, a greške u regulaciji dovode do pojave bolesti. Usmjereno ciljanje mehanizama apoptoze moglo bi biti ključ za liječenje raka, što čini istraživanja na ovu temu vrlo značajnima.

Abstract (english)

The goal of this review is to introduce the reader with basic mechanisms of apoptosis and the main functions of programmed cell death in multicellular organisms. Apoptosis is a programmed process of cell death accompanied by activation of caspases, cysteinyl aspartate – specific proteases. There are two main pathways of apoptosis – intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic pathway begins with permeabilization of outer mitochondrial membrane, while extrinsic pathway begins with binding of signal molecules to death receptors in cell membrane. Apoptosis plays a great role in correct development of organisms. Apart from its role in keeping the balance between newly-formed and dying cells, it is also one of the main initiators of morphogenesis and tissue reorganization. Upregulated or downregulated apoptosis of some cells is one of the main causes of ageing. Programmed cell death is a complex process that can be regulated on many levels, and misregulation of that process can often lead to an occurrence of illnesses. Direct targeting of apoptotic mechanisms could hold the key to curing cancer, which makes researches of this topic very significant.

• Keywords: apoptoza; programirana stanična smrt
• Keywords (english): apoptosis; programmed cell death
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:448731
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-01-04 09:16:34