Title Flavonoidi i šećerna bolest Title (english) Flavonoids and sugar disease Author Iva Janković Mentor Nada Oršolić (mentor)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2009, Croatia Scientific / art field, NATURAL SCIENCES Abstract Diabetes melliuts je metabolički i hormonalni poremećaj za koji je karakteristična trajna hiperglikemija. Nastaje kao rezultat nedovoljnog izlučivanja hormona inzulina, nedovoljnog odgovora ciljnih stanica na inzulin, ili kombinacije ovih dvaju faktora. Inzulin izlučuju β-stanice Langerhansovih otočića u gušterači kao odgovor na povećanu razinu glukoze u krvi. Hiperglikemija može toliko uznapredovati da dosegne i graničnu vrijednost razine glukoze u bubrezima, nakon čega prelazi u urin. Isto
... More tako, nedostatak glukoze kao izvora energije na staničnoj razini znači da organizam mora prijeći na druge izvore energije-masti, pa čak i mišićno tkivo. Zbog ovako poremećenog metabolizma javljaju se tipični simptomi karakteristični za dijabetes: povećana proizvodnja urina, žeđ te gubitak težine. Kao posljedica dijabetesa se javljaju razne bolesti, od kojih su najviše zastupljene ateroskleroza i bolesti koronarnih arterija, neuropatija, nefropatija, katarakta i različiti upalni procesi. Još u pradavna vremena ljudi su prepoznali da neke biljke imaju povoljne učinke u liječenju bolesti te se tako počela razvijati narodna medicina. Biljke koje se najčešće koriste u narodnoj medicini su voće, povrće, orašasti plodovi, sjemenke, trave, začini, cvjetovi, zeleni čaj, crveno vino te citrusi. Eksperimentalno je dokazano da sve ove biljke obiluju flavonoidima, prirodnim biljnim pigmentima za koje se ispostavilo da imaju jaka antioksidativna djelovanja. Budući da u prvom redu djeluju kao antioksidansi, flavonoidi imaju izuzetno povoljne učinke na ljudsko zdravlje, jer osiguravaju normalno odvijanje različitih enzimskih i neenzimskizh procesa na molekularnoj razini. Upravo zbog tih svojstava mogu biti korisni u usporavanju razvoja bolesti, pa čak i u prevenciji. Iako su danas prilično poznati mehanizmi kojima flavonoidi djeluju na molekularnom nivou, potrebno je još puno istraživanja kako bi se do kraja razjasnilo njihovo pozitivno djelovanje na cjelokupni organizam. Less Abstract (english) Diabetes mellitus is metabolic and hormonal disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycaemia, resulting either from inadequate secretion of hormon insulin, an inadequate response of taregt cells to insulin, or a combination of these factors. Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of the islands of Langerhans in the pancreas in response to increased levels of glucose in the blood. Hyperglyceamia may improve and if this level exceeds renal treshold, it passes into the urine. Also, the lack
... More of glucose as an energy source at the cellular level means that the organism has to use its stores of fat and even muscle tissue as an alternative energy source. As a result of such degenerated metabolism, there are typical symptoms of diabetes: poyuria, thirst and loss of weight. Consequently, diabetic patients develope various diseases, such as atherosclerosis, coronary artery diseases, neuropathy, nephropathy, katarats and inflammatory diseases. In ancient times humans recognized that some plants have beneficial effects in treatment of various diseases. Plants that are most commonly used in folk medicine are fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, herbs, spices, green tea, red wine and citruses. It has been experimentally demonstrated that all of these plants contain lots of flavonoids, natural plant pigments that have strong antioxidant activity. Since that they act as an antioxidants, flavonoids have beneficial effect on human health, because they ensure normal progression of various enzymatic and nonenzymatic reactions at a molecular level. Exactly because of these characteristics they can be useful in preventing of many diseases. Altohugh today we know pretty much about mechanisms trough which flavonoids act on a molecular level, extensive investigations are needed how we could be sure of their positive effects on the whole organism. Less Keywords
flavonoidi
šećerna bolest
diabetes melliuts
Keywords (english)
flavonoids
sugar disease
diabetes mellitus
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:217:587005 Study programme Title: Molecular Biology Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2018-03-12 10:05:19
