Uloga mineralogije u dugoročnom odlaganju nuklearnog otpada

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Mineralogy in long-term nuclear waste managment
• Author: Daria Županić
• Mentor: Nenad Tomašić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2009, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Većina radioaktivnog otpada potječe iz nuklearnih elektrana u obliku iskorištenog goriva. Radioaktivni otpad podijeljen je u tri skupine: nisko radioaktivni, srednje radioaktivni i visoko radioaktivni otpad. Iako je to uglavnom kruti otpad, kemijskim reakcijama otpuštaju se pokretljivi radionuklidi koji mogu doći u biosferu. Zaštitu od visoko radioaktivnog otpada vrši se dubokim zakopavanjem samog otpada, ispod saturirane zone podzemnih voda. Razlog tome su Pu i U koji se najzastupljeniji elementi, a najstabilniji su u anoksičnim uvjetima. Geosfera na tri načina služi kao zaštita pri odlaganju nuklearnog otpada: zaklanja od zračenja, štiti izgrađene barijere i produljuje put radionuklidima prema površini. Odlaganje se vrši u različitim geološkim formacijama: kristalinske podloge, sitnozrnate sedimentne stijene i uslojene soli (evaporiti) koje svojim karakteristikama osiguravaju najveću zaštitu.

Abstract (english)

Most radioactive waste derives from nuclear power plants as spent fuel. Nuclear waste has been divided in three main groups: Low Level Waste, Intermediate Level Waste and High Level Waste. Althought this waste is mainly solid, during various chemical reactions mobile radionuclids can be formed and find their way into the biosfere. Protection from HLW is provided with deep geological disposal, below water – saturated zone. The reason for that are Pu and U which are the most stable in completely anoxic conditions. The geosphere provides three elements of containment: shielding, protection for the engineered barriers and long pathway for radionuclide return to the surface. Disposal has been considered in very different geological formations: crystaline basements, fine-grained sedimentary rocks and bedded salt deposits (evaporites).

• Keywords: mineralogija; nuklearni otpad
• Keywords (english): mineralogy; nuclear waste
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:378960
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Sciences; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-03-21 13:43:37