Primjenjivost MHC lokusa kao biljega za otkrivanje hibridizacije između vuka (Canis lupus) i psa (Canis lupus familiaris)

master's thesis

• Title (english): Applicability of MHC loci as markers for detecting hybridization between wolf (Canis lupus) and dog (Canis lupus familiaris)
• Author: Iva Bazina
• Mentor: Ana Galov (mentor)
• Mentor: Haidi Arbanasić (pomoć pri izradi, neposredni voditelj)
• Committee member: Ana Galov (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Božena Mitić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Renata Matoničkin Kepčija (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vesna Benković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-02-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Vukovi su česta pojava u blizini ljudskih naselja, koja naseljavaju i psi. Sve vrste roda Canis mogu stvarati plodno potomstvo, što znači da i vukovi i psi mogu stvarati hibride. Hibridizacija između divljih i udomaćenih vrsta, iako može imati i pozitivne posljedice, uglavnom se percipira kao prijetnja bioraznolikosti, najviše zbog introgresije alela domesticiranih vrsta, koji su nastali umjetnom selekcijom, u divlje populacije. Hibridi se ne mogu pouzdano identificirati samo po morfološkim obilježjima nego se koriste i molekularne metode. Uz uobičajenu genetičku analizu mitohondrijske DNA, Y kromosoma i mikrosatelita, 2012. godine prvi put je uspješno upotrijebljena analiza MHC lokusa kao metoda otkrivanja hibridizacije. U svrhu provjere primjenjivosti ove metode na hibride između vukova i pasa analizirani su aleli i haplotipovi DRB, DQA i DQB lokusa glavnog sustava tkivne podudarnosti 13 potencijalnih hibrida od kojih su tri bila ranije potvrđena kao hibridi nastali povratnim križanjem s vukom, i uspoređeni s podacima dobivenim za vuka i psa iz literature. U dva uzorka MHC lokusi nisu se pokazali informativnima za otkrivanje hibridizacije, dok su za jedan uzorak bili informativni. MHC lokusi mogu biti dobri biljezi za otkrivanje hibridizacije vuka i psa jedino u slučaju kad potecijalni hibridi nose privatne alele za pojedinu vrstu.

Abstract (english)

Wolves can often be seen near human settlements, where dogs live. All Canis species are closely related and can produce fertile progeny. Hybridization between wild and domesticated species can have a positive outcome, but it is usually percieved as threat to biodiversity, mostily because of the possibility of introgression of artificially selected domestic alleles into wild populations. Hybrids can't be identified solely based on morphological features, so using molecular methods is necessary. In 2012, along with the usual analysis of the mithochondrial DNA, Y chromosome and microsatellites, MHC loci analysis was used to detect hybrids for the first time. In order to find out if this method is applicable in detecting wolf-dog hybrids, DRB, DQA, DQB alleles and haplotypes of 13 suspected hybrids, three of which were earlier confirmed as back – crosses with wolves, were analysed and compared to available data from existing literature. MHC loci were informative in detecting hybridization for one of those samples, but weren't for other two. MHC loci are effective markers only when potential hybrids are carrying private alleles for each species.

• Keywords: MHC; vuk; pas; hibrid; lokus; alel; haplotip
• Keywords (english): MHC; wolf; dog; hybrid; locus; allele; haplotype
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:596792
• Study programme: Title: Experimental Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra eksperimentalne biologije (magistar/magistra eksperimentalne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-05-04 11:11:36