Morfološko i molekularno razlikovanje filogenetskih linija potočne pastrve (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758)

master's thesis

• Title (english): Morphological and molecular differentiation of the brown trout (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) phylogenetic lineages
• Author: Lucija Ivić
• Mentor: Ivana Buj (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivana Buj (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Duje Lisičić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Šola (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Davor Zanella (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-06-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Potočna pastrva (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) je slatkovodna riba iz porodice Salmonidae koja predstavlja gospodarski važnu vrstu te je najintenzivnije korištena slatkovodna riba na svijetu. Stoga je kontradiktorno da je njena taksonomija nesređena, kako u Hrvatskoj, tako i u svijetu, te se često naziva „sramotom europske ihtiologije“. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je: morfološko opisivanje filogenetskih linija, utvrđivanje nukleotidnih pozicija i morfoloških svojstava koje predstavljaju fiksne, pouzdane determinacijske značajke pojedinih filogenetskih linija, te opisivanje morfološke i genske raznolikosti unutar pojedinih filogenetskih linija, a sve u svrhu rješenja taksonomskog statusa potočne pastrve i na kraju zaštite same vrste. Kako bi se utvrdili srodstveni odnosi među populacijama unutar Hrvatske, provedena je filogenetska rekonstrukcija koja se temeljila na sekvencama gena za citokrom b pomoću metode najveće parsimonije, metode najveće vjerojatnosti i metode susjednog povezivanja. Za proučavanje morfologije koristila se deskriptivna statistika, analiza varijance i analiza glavnih komponenti, dok se za analize na molekularnoj razini koristila p-udaljenost i molekularna dijagnostika. Ovim se metodama utvrdilo da na području Hrvatske obitava minimalno 4 filogenetske linije koje se međusobno razlikuju u velikom broju mutacija i nukleotidnih dijagnostičkih mjesta, dok je morfološki dio istraživanja potvrdio da se radi o veoma prilagodljivoj i plastičnoj vrsti s velikim brojem morfotipova.

Abstract (english)

Brown trout (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) is a freshwater fish from the Salmonidae family, which is an economically important species and the most intensive used freshwater fish in the world. It is therefore controversial that its taxonomy is disordered, both in Croatia and in the world, and is often termed as "the shame of European ichthyology". The aim of this study was to: morphologically describe the phylogenetic lines, determine the nucleotide positions and the morphological properties that represent fixed, reliable deterministic characteristics of certain phylogenetic lines, and describe the morphological and genetic diversity within certain phylogenetic lines, all in the purpose of resolution of the taxonomic status of brown trout and for the protection of the species. To determine relationships between the populations within Croatia, a phylogenetic reconstruction was used, based on cytochrome b gene sequences using the maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and median joining. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and principal component analysis were used for the study of morphology, while p-distance and molecular diagnostics were used for analysis on molecular level. These methods have established that there are at least 4 phylogenetic lines in Croatia that differ in the large number of mutations and nucleotide diagnostic sites, while the morphological part of the study has confirmed that it is a highly adaptable and plastic species with big number of morphotypes.

• Keywords: pastrva; morfologija; filogenija; linije; citokrom b; taksonomija; dijagnostika
• Keywords (english): trout; morphology; phylogeny; lineages; cytochrome b; taxonomy; diagnostics
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:078787
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra ekologije i zaštite prirode (magistar/magistra ekologije i zaštite prirode)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access; Embargo expiration date: 2020-06-15
• Created on: 2018-07-09 08:47:36