Uloga terpenoida u odgovoru biljaka na biotički stres

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): The role of terpenoids in plant response to biotic stress
• Author: Nikolina Mrakovčić
• Mentor: Mirta Tkalec (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Biljke su neprestano izložene različitim negativnim utjecajima iz okoliša koji mogu
dovesti od razvitka abiotičkog odnosno biotičkog stresa u biljkama. Biotički stres u biljkama
razvija se djelovanjem organizama koji ih okružuju, a to su najčešće biljojedni kukci,
bakterije, virusi, gljivice i okružujuće biljke. Kao odgovor na biotički stres, biljke su razvile
brojne mehanizme obrane, u kojima uz ostale stanične komponente, ulogu imaju i sekundarni
biljni metaboliti. Najbrojniji biljni sekundarni metaboliti su terpenoidi. Njihova brojnost i
strukturna različitost omogućava im da obnašaju različite uloge. Brojne uloge hlapljivih i
nehlapljivih terpenoida uključuju direktnu i indirektnu obranu od biljojeda i patogena,
privlačenje prirodnih neprijatelja biljojeda, signalizaciju susjednim biljkama ili ostalim
dijelovima iste biljke o napadu na biljku te obranu mehaničkim preprekama. Navedene uloge
govore o djelovanju biljnih terpenoida, ali ne razjašnjavaju mehanizme kako molekule
terpenoida djeluju na organizme kojima su njihovi signali namijenjeni i kako pojačati ili
smanjiti te signale da djeluju na način koji odgovara primjeni u poljoprivrednoj ili
farmaceutskoj industriji. Moguće je da će ta i mnoga druga pitanja biti odgovorena
genetičkim i metaboličkim inženjerstvom iako danas još uvijek postoje nedostaci u korištenim
metodama.

Abstract (english)

Plants are organisms that are constantly exposed to different environmental factors
which can lead to abiotic and biotic stress in plants. Biotic stress in plants is caused by
organisms such as herbivores, bacteria, viruses, fungus and plants that live in their
surroundings and affect their wellbeing. To eliminate or lower biotic stress, plans have
developed multiple defense strategies in which secondary metabolites take part. The most
abundant secondary metabolites are terpenoids, and their structural diversity enables them to
have different roles in plants. Roles of volatile and non-volatile terpenoids in plants include
direct and indirect defense from herbivores and pathogens, attraction of herbivores natural
enemies, signalization to nearby plants or within the plant itself and first line of defense by
structural barriers. The roles of terpenoids introduce questions about how do terpenoids act
upon organisms that the signals are aimed for and how to make the signals stronger or weaker
to make use of them in agriculture or pharmaceutical industry. It is possible that this and
many other questions will be answered by genetic and metabolic engineering, however the
methods are still imperfect and need to be fine-tuned.

• Keywords: biotički stres; terpenoidi
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:897866
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-10-11 11:44:41