Potočni rak, Austropotamobius torrentium (Schrank, 1803) u Europi

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Stone crayfish, Austropotamobius torrentium (Schrank, 1803) in Europe
• Author: Dorotea Gomaz
• Mentor: Ivana Maguire (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Potočni rak, A. torrentium, najmanja je vrsta porodice Astacidae te jedan od četiri
autohtona europska predstavnika reda Decapoda u hrvatskim slatkovodnim ekosustavima.
Prirodno je rasprostranjen na području središnje i jugoistočne Europe, a u Hrvatskoj je autohton
u kontinentalnom dijelu u vodama crnomorskog sliva. Neke populacije zabilježene su i u
vodama jadranskog sliva kamo se vrsta proširila tijekom geološke prošlosti kada su ta dva sliva
bila povezana. Prilagođen je životu u hladnijim staništima s kamenitim dnom i dobrom
kvalitetom vode. Poremećaji u staništu, poput zagađenja i uklanjanja obalne vegetacije, utječu
na životni ciklus i morfometrijske značajke jedinki. Primjerice, zbog poremećaja u okolišu
austrijske populacije imaju niži reprodukcijski potencijal od hrvatskih. Uočeno je i smanjenje
broja zabilježenih populacija na području Europe te njihovog nestanka sa staništa u kojima su
prije obitavale. Takvi su slučajevi zabilježeni i u Hrvatskoj. Veliki utjecaj u tome, uz
antropogeni pritisak na njihova staništa, imaju alohtone invazivne vrste, signalni, bodljobradi
i mramorni rak, koje svojom agresivnošću i prenošenjem uzročnika bolesti račje kuge istiskuju
autohtone vrste iz potoka. Iz tog razloga trebale bi se poduzeti veće mjere zaštite zavičajnih
vrsta rakova kako bi se osigurao njihov dugoročni opstanak.

Abstract (english)

The stone crayfish, A. torrentium, is the smallest species in the family Astacidae and
one of the four native European crayfish from the order Decapoda in Croatian freshwater
ecosystems. It is distributed in the central and south-eastern Europe. It lives in continental part
of Croatia in streams and rivers belonging to the Black Sea drainage. Some of the populations
are also found in the streams draining the Adriatic Sea where the species expanded during times
when these two drainages were still connected. Austropotamobius torrentium prefers habitats
with lower temperature, stony substrate and good quality of water. Any disturbances, such as
removal of coastal vegetation and pollution, can affect its life cycle and morphometric
characteristics. For instance, Austrian populations have lower biotic potential than those in
Croatia because of disturbances in habitat. It was noticed that the number of populations in
Europe decreases, and the same was recorded in Croatia. Reasons are different; from
anthropogenic pressure onto their habitats to invasive crayfish species that are aggressive and
are vectors of spreading of lethal disease crayfish plague. That is why we should protect
indigenous species and secure their survival.

• Keywords: Austropotamobius torrentium; Europa
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:776093
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-09-17 12:11:50