Bioremedijacija nafte

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Boremediation of oil
• Author: Anamarija Žavrljan
• Mentor: Jasna Hrenović (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Nafta je složena smjesa različitih spojeva među kojima su najzastupljeniji
ugljikovodici. Ako na neki način dospije u okoliš te ga onečisti, to je područje potrebno
sanirati. Bioremedijacija je postupak koji se koristi za uklanjane štetnih tvari iz okoliša
pomoću mikroorganizama. Djelovanjem različitih mikroorganizama koji imaju sposobnost
razgradnje naftnih ugljikovodika, onečišćenje naftom može se smanjiti. Oni koriste naftne
ugljikovodike za rast i razvoj te ih pretvaraju u manje štetne spojeve, koji se pri kraju procesa
pretvaraju u ugljikov dioksid i vodu. S obzirom na to odvija li se taj postupak na samom
mjestu onečišćenja ili se onečišćena voda ili tlo prenose u posebna postrojenja, postoje in situ
i ex situ bioremedijacija. Kako bi postupak bio što uspješniji, potrebno je održavati optimalne
uvjete. Ponekad je u onečišćeno područje potrebno dodati nutrijente, kisik ili određene
mikroorganizme ako ih nema dovoljno ili ne mogu dovoljno učinkovito razgraditi
onečišćujuću tvar. Metoda bioremedijacije sve se češće koristi pri sanaciji okoliša jer je
učinkovita i ekonomski isplativa. Trenutno je jedna od najboljih metoda sanacije područja
onečišćenih naftom te naftnim ugljikovodicima.

Abstract (english)

Oil is a liquid derived from petroleum that consists of complex organic compounds,
most of them being hydrocarbons. If it ends up in nature as a pollutant, it is necessary to try to
restore the area to its' natural state. Bioremediation is a process in which microorganisms are
used to degrade pollutants present in the contaminated area. Hydrocarbon-degrading
microorganisms have the ability to transform petroleum hydrocarbons into less harmful
compounds. At the end of the process, the hydrocarbons are biotransformed to carbon dioxide
and water. Bioremediation can be carried out in situ or ex situ depending on if the
contaminated medium will be recovered at the site of contamination or transferred to a
facility. Optimal conditions are needed for this process to be effective. Sometimes it is
necessary to add nutrients, oxygen or certain microorganisms to the affected area. Since it is
effective and economically viable, bioremediation is being used more frequently in restoring
polluted environments. Currently it is one of the best options for recovering areas polluted by
oil and petroleum hydrocarbons.

• Keywords: bioremedijacija; nafta
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:616053
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Sciences; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-10-25 07:45:16