Mehanizmi tolerancije isušivanja u biljaka iz porodice Gesneriaceae

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Mechanisams of draught tolerance in plants from Gesneriaceae family
• Author: Toni Vuković
• Mentor: Željka Vidaković Cifrek (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-08-26, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Nedostatak vode ozbiljno ograničava rasprostranjenost biljaka i poljoprivrednu proizvodnju u svijetu. Mali broj kritosjemenjača nazvanih uskrsnule biljke ima izrazito učinkovite mehanizme tolerancije isušivanja i sposobnost potpunog oporavka nakon rehidracije. Velik broj uskrsnulih vrsta otpornih na isušivanje poput Boea hygrometrica, Haberlea rhodopensis i Ramonda serbica pripada porodici Gesneriaceae. Ove biljke obitavaju na sjenovitim ležištima u kamenitim područjima i u tlu bogatom kalcijem gdje je dostupnost vode periodična i ograničena pa dolazi do brze i snažne dehidracije. Provedena su opsežna istraživanja u cilju identifikacije i razumijevanja fizioloških, staničnih i molekularnih mehanizama tolerancije isušivanja. Mehanizmi tolerancije isušivanja prisutni u biljaka porodice Gesneriaceae su savijanje listova i promjena sastava stanične stijenke, očuvanje fotosintetskog aparata, akumulacija saharoze, HSP, proteina LEA i enzima za obranu od ROS te promjena ekspresije gena. Istraživanje i razumijevanje mehanizama tolerancije isušivanja može pridonijeti razvoju novih sorti biljaka koje bi bile otpornije na isušivanje te bi se mogle uzgajati u područjima s manjom količinom dostupne vode.

Abstract (english)

Water deficiency seriously limits plant distribution and crop production worldwide. A small group of angiosperm plants termed resurrection plants possess desiccation tolerance to withstand dehydration and to recover fully upon rehydration. Good number of resurrection desiccation tolerant species such as Boea hygrometrica, Haberlea rhodopensis and Ramonda serbica are members of Gesneriaceae family. This plants grow on shady and rocky slopes rich in calcium where water availability is limited so they are subjected to rapid and profound desiccation. Many researches have been conducted for identification and understanding physiological, cellular and molecular mechanisms of desiccation tolerance. Mechanisms of desiccation tolerance that are used by resurrection plants from Gesneriaceae family are leaf curling and structural changes in plant cell wall, protection of photosynthetic apparatus, accumulation of sucrose, HSP, LEA proteins and ROS scavenging enzymes and changes in gene expression. Further research and understanding of desiccation tolerance mechanisms would contribute to development of new species that are resistant to desiccation and would be able to grow in areas with small amount of available water.

• Keywords: isušivanje biljaka
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:365828
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-09-03 11:10:10