Biljni specijalizirani metaboliti kao indikatori promjena u okolišu

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Plant specialized metabolites as indicators of environmental changes
• Author: Tihana Bonevska
• Mentor: Ivana Šola (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Porodica kupusnjača vrlo je raznolika skupina biljaka, s brojnim varijetetima unutar samih vrsta. Svaka jedinka prilagodila se okolišu u kojem živi uz pomoć posebnih kemijskih spojeva – specijaliziranih metabolita koji svojim fluktuacijama omogućavaju biljkama preživljavanje u stresnim uvjetima. Do sada, najbolje istraženi specijalizirani metaboliti porodice Brassicaceae su glukozinolati. U kupusu u uvjetima povećane koncentracije soli i za vrijeme suše povećava se količina glukozinolata. Povećani salinitet povećao je udio klorofila a i b u kelju, za razliku od ksantofila i karotena čiji udio se smanjio. Kelj pupčar u sušnom razdoblju ima povećane koncentracije nekoliko glukozinolata, kao i količinu ugljikovog izotopa 13C. U brokuli je za porast glukozinolata odgovorna povećana insolacija, nedostatak vode i dovoljan pristup dušiku, dok selenij snižava njihovu količinu. Vitamini C i E, karotenoidi te flavonoid kempferol dobri su indikatori promjena u okolišu u brokuli. Cvjetača u suhim razdobljima pokazuje povećanu koncentraciju glukozinolata i karotenoida. Rotkvici odgovara veća globalna radijacija i salinitet za proizvodnju indolnih glukozinolata. Repa dobro podnosi više temperature i suha razdoblja zahvaljujući većoj produkciji glukozinolata, dok ih smanjena insolacija snižava. Ovi podaci ukazuju na izuzetnu prilagodljivost kupusnjača promjenama u okolišu, kao i mogućnost manipulacije sadržajem njihovih bioaktivnih spojeva upotrebom određenih vanjskih čimbenika.

Abstract (english)

The Brassicaceae family is a highly diverse group of plants with numerous varieties among its species. Each individual has adapted to the enivronment with the help of specific chemical compounds - plant specialized metabolites, whose fluctuations ensure the survival under adverse stress conditions. The most reasearched metabolites inherent to the Brassicaceae family are glucosinolates. During exposure to either elevated salt concentrations or drought, glucosinolates in white cabbage increase rapidly. Greater salinity affects positively the concentration of chlorophylls a and b in Savoy cabbage as opposed to decreased amount of xanthophylls and carotenes under those conditions. Brussel sprouts response to the drought by increasing the concentration of several glucosinolates as well as stable carbon isotope 13C. Greater insolation, decreased water level and nitrogen supplementation increased the concentration of glucosinolates in broccoli. Vitamins C and E, carotenoids and the flavonoid kaempferol are excellent indicators of environmental stress in broccoli. Cauliflower increases the concentrations of glucosinolates and carotenoids in period of drought. Higher insolation and salinity induces the production of indolic glucosinolates in radish. Turnip tolerates higher temperatures and droughts stress due to increased amount of glucosinolates, but they rapidly decrease when the exposure to light is insufficient. These data indicate that cruciferous vegetables are extremely adaptive to abiotic stresses, which leads to conclusion that by applying the right exogenous factors, it could be possible to manipulate the concentration of their bioactive compounds.

• Keywords: biljni metaboliti
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:298303
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Sciences; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access; Embargo expiration date: 2022-09-28
• Created on: 2020-10-02 09:51:43