Genetička struktura romskih populacija na temelju polimorfizama gena leptinskog sustava

master's thesis

• Title (english): Genetic Structure of Croatian Roma Population - Analyses of Leptin System Genes polymorphisms
• Author: Ana-Maria Ivankov
• Mentor: Marijana Peričić Salihović (mentor)
• Committee member: Marijana Peričić Salihović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Inga Marijanović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Galov (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Domagoj Đikić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2013-12-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Čovjek nastanjuje različita geografska područja s različitim klimatskim uvjetima. Prilagodba na različite uvjete utjecala je na oblikovanje genotipskih i fenotipskih razlika među populacijama. Selektivni klimatski uvjeti su utjecali na učestalost genetičkih varijanti uključenih u metaboličke puteve. Jedan od glavnih čimbenika regulacije metabolizma je leptinski sustav, kojeg čine hormon leptin i leptinski receptor. Leptin preko hipotalamusa sudjeluje u regulaciji unosa hrane i potrošnji energije tako što u povećanim koncentracijama smanjuje apetit i potiče potrošnju energije. U ovom istraživanju genotipizirano je 29 lokusa SNP povezanih s leptinskim sustavom kod Roma u Hrvatskoj. Uspoređena je razdioba alela tih lokusa romskih populacija s ostalim svjetskim populacijama upotrebom različitih statističkih paketa. Dobivene genetičke udaljenosti Roma s ostalim ispitivanim populacijama ukazuju da je romska zaliha gena rezultat razmjene gena između azijskih i europskih populacija. Utvrđena je statistički značajna povezanost između geografske širine kao prediktora klimatskih uvjeta i razdiobe alela između ispitivanih populacija za 7 polimorfnih lokusa.

Abstract (english)

Humans inhabit different geographic locations characterized by different climate. Genotypic and phenotypic differences between populations were created by adaptation to different conditions. Climate influenced the frequency of genetic variants involved in metabolic pathways. Leptin system is recognized as important regulator of metabolism. Its compounds are hormone leptin and leptin receptor. Leptin is involved in the regulation of food intake and energy consumption via the hypothalamus, because its increased concentrations reduce appetite and stimulate energy expenditure. In this study 29 SNPs associated with leptin system are genotyped in Croatian Roma population. Allelic frequencies of these loci are compared between Romani and other worldwide populations. The resulting genetic distance between Roma and other populations suggests that the Romani gene pool originated as a result of genetic exchange between Asian and European populations. Also, statistically significant correlation exists between latitude, as proxy for climate, and the distribution of alleles of seven polymorphic loci between populations.

• Keywords: SNP; LEP; LEPR; selekcija; genski pomak
• Keywords (english): SNP; LEP; LEPR; selection; genetic drift
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:400454
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra molekularne biologije (magistar/magistra molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2017-04-27 08:37:51