Najstariji botanički i zoološki vrtovi

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): The oldest botanical gardens and zoos
• Author: Dragan Hegedić
• Mentor: Renata Šoštarić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Na području Sredozemlja, Egipta, Mezopotamije, Kine i Srednje Amerike nađeni su pisani i arheološki dokazi o postojanju uređenih vrtova, perivoja i zvjerinjaka koje možemo smatrati pretečama današnjih botaničkih i zooloških vrtova. Brigu o takvim vrtovima vodili su profesionalni vrtlari, koji su bili cijenjeni i nagrađivani za svoj rad. Ostaci životinja pronađeni u elitnim grobnicama kod Hierakonpolisa dokazuju da je na toj lokaciji 3790. – 3640. pr. Kr. postojao barem jedan veliki zvjerinjak u kojem su držane domestificirane, ali i divlje i egzotične životinje. U Mezopotamiji je postojanje vrtova i parkova za lov dokumentirano oko 2000. pr. Kr. Perzijski carevi su nakon osvajanja Mezopotamije i Egipta dali vrtovima novi, uređeniji izgled. Vrtove su zvali pairi-daēza („okružen zidom“), grčki paradeisos. Novija istraživanja pokazuju da je povezanost i trgovina mediteranskih naroda brončanog doba s Bliskim istokom, Mezopotamijom, Indijom i Egiptom bila mnogo intenzivnija nego se ranije pretpostavljalo. Ne može se odbaciti ni mogućnost da su vrtovi koje su Španjolci zatekli u Srednjoj Americi bili izvor inspiracije za stvaranje modernih botaničkih i zooloških vrtova kakve danas poznajemo. Ovaj rad zamišljen je kao pregled najstarijih poznatih zooloških i botaničkih vrtova sensu amplissimo i istraživanje njihovog utjecaja kroz prostor i vrijeme.

Abstract (english)

In the area of the Mediterranean, Egypt, Mesopotamia, China and Central America, written and archaeological evidence has been found of the existence of landscaped gardens, parks and menageries that can be considered the forerunners of today's botanical gardens and zoos. The care of such gardens was led by professional gardeners, who were appreciated and rewarded for their work. The remains of animals found in elite tombs near Hierakonpolis prove that 3790 - 3640 BC. there was at least one large menagerie at that location in which domesticated but also wild and exotic animals were kept. In Mesopotamia, the existence of gardens and hunting parks was documented around 2000 BC. After the conquest of Mesopotamia and Egypt, the Persian emperors gave the gardens a new, more orderly appearance. The gardens were called pairi-daēza ("surrounded by a wall"), Greek paradeisos. Recent research shows that the connection and trade of the Bronze Age Mediterranean peoples with the Middle East, Mesopotamia, India, and Egypt was much more intense than previously thought. We cannot rule out the possibility that the gardens found by the Spaniards in Central America were a source of inspiration for the creation of modern botanical gardens and zoos as we know them today. This paper is conceived as an overview of the oldest known zoos and botanical gardens sensu amplissimo and an exploration of their impact through space and time

• Keywords: hortikultura; Egipat; Mezopotamija; Kreta; Kina; Srednja Amerika.
• Keywords (english): horticulture; Egypt; Mesopotamia; Crete; China; Central America
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:445490
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access; Embargo expiration date: 2022-09-21
• Created on: 2021-09-27 11:24:43