Virom čovjeka

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Human virome
• Author: Manuela Kurtin
• Mentor: Silvija Černi (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Virom čovjeka skup je svih virusa, eukariotskih i prokariotskih, prisutnih u i na ljudskom tijelu. Uključuje viruse koji inficiraju ljudske stanice, ali i one koji inficiraju bakterije (bakteriofagi) i druge mikroorganizme koji čine čovjekov mirobiom. Različiti dijelovi tijela sadrže različite viruse. Najbolje je istražen virom crijeva u kojem dominiraju bakteriofagi iz skupina Caudovirales i Microviridae. Virom se formira ubrzo nakon poroda te ga u početku čine samo bakteriofazi, no postepeno se tijekom rana života novorođenčadi u njegovu sastavu počinju pojavljivati i eukariotski virusi. Na sastav viroma utječu brojni faktori poput prehrane, geografskog položaja, dobi, genetike, okoline, itd. Kako virom stupa u interakcije s organizmom još nije potpuno razjašnjeno. Poznato je da može izazvati infekcije i potaknuti imunosni odgovori. Također, zna se da fagi mogu liziranjem bakterija spriječiti njihove infekcije, ali i da im mogu prenijeti neka nova svojstva, npr. rezistenciju na antibiotike. Virom se tek nedavno počeo značajnije proučavati te su i dalje potrebna mnoga istraživanja na tom području.

Abstract (english)

The human virome is a collection of all viruses, both eukaryotic and prokaryotic, present in and on the human body. It includes viruses that infect human cells, but also those that infect bacteria (bacteriophages) and other microorganisms that make up the human microbiome. Different body parts contain different viruses. Gut virome is the best explored and it is dominated by phages, especially Caudovirales and Microviridae. Virome is formed soon after birth and initially consists of bacteriophages, but, gradually during the early life of newborns, eukaryotic viruses begin to appear in its composition. The composition of the virome is influenced by numerous factors such as diet, geography, age, genetics, environment, etc. How the virome interacts with organism is not yet fully understood. It is known to cause infections and stimulate immune responses. It is also known that phages can prevent bacterial infections by lysis of bacteria, but also that they can transmit on bacteria some new properties, such as resistance to antibiotics. Significant virome studies has only recently begun and much research is still needed in this area.

• Keywords: virom; mikrobom; probavni sustav; bakteriofagi; formiranje viroma; interakcije faga i bakterija
• Keywords (english): virome; microbiome; gastrointestinal system; bacteriophhages; virome formation; phages and bacteria interactions
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:125087
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-09-28 12:49:54