Uloga virusa HSV-1 i HSV-2 u razvoju karcinoma glave i vrata

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): The role of HSV-1 and HSV-2 viruses in the development of head and neck cancer
• Author: Matej Vjekoslav Tomac
• Mentor: Petra Korać (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Virusi iz porodice Herpesviridae spadaju u najrasprostranjenije viruse u prirodi. Među njima se posebno ističu virusi HSV-1 i HSV-2. Najčešći simptomi koje izazivaju ovi virusi su rane oko usne šupljine ili spolnog organa, ali isto tako mogu izazvati i brojne druge komplikacije. Virusi dijele sličnu građu: dvolančana DNA nalazi se unutar kapside, izvan kapside smješten je tegument, a ovojnica obavija cijeli virus. Infektivni ciklus virusa predstavlja stalno prebacivanje između litičkog i latentnog ciklusa. Replikacija HSV-1 i HSV-2 sprječava se velikim brojem antivirusnih lijekova. I za virus HSV-1 i HSV-2 pokazano je da se njihovi transkripti i sekvencije DNA mogu naći u malignim stanicama usne šupljine, vrata ili vrata maternice, a i antitijela specifična za njih nađena su u krvi pacijenata. Postoje mnogobrojni predloženi mehanizmi za ulogu virusa HSV-1 i HSV-2 u karcinogenezi. Prilikom ulaska virusa u stanicu utišava se većina staničnih procesa, a jedan od važnijih je apoptoza. Isto tako, jednom kada se uspostavi zaraza virus može potaknuti određeni stanični put i utjecati na transkripciju gena stanice. Danas važeće objašnjenje jest da su virusi HSV-1 i HSV-2 najvjerojatnije kofaktori u karcinogenezi uz već prisutne druge faktore.

Abstract (english)

Viruses from the family Herpesviridae are amongst the most widespread viruses in nature with HSV-1 and HSV-2 being the most abundant. Common symptoms caused by these viruses are wounds around the oral cavity or genitals and other complications. These viruses share a similar structure: double-stranded DNA inside the capsid, a tegument outside and an envelope wrapped around the virus. The infectious cycle represents a constant switch between the lytic and latent cycles. Replication of HSV-1 and HSV-2 is prevented by a number of antiviral drugs. These viruses have been shown to have their transcripts and DNA sequences found in malignant cells of the oral cavity, neck or cervix, and antibodies specific to them have been found in the blood of patients with malignant cells.There are numerous proposed mechanisms for the role of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in carcinogenesis. When the virus enters the cell, most cellular processes are silenced, and one of the most significant of those is apoptosis. Once an infection is established, the virus can stimulate a specific cell pathway and affect the transcription of numerous genes. The current explanation is that HSV-1 and HSV-2 viruses are most likely cofactors in carcinogenesis in addition to other factors already present.

• Keywords: infektivni ciklus; HSV-1; HSV-2; kapsida; karcinogeneza; maligne stanice; ovojnica; tegument
• Keywords (english): capsid; carcinogenesis; envelope; HSV-1; HSV-2; infectious cycle; malignant cells; tegument
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:453309
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-09-29 10:58:44