Evolucija oksidativne fosforilacije

master's thesis

• Title (english): Evolution of oxidative phosphorylation
• Author: Sanja Jasek
• Mentor: Tomislav Domazet-Lošo (mentor)
• Mentor: Krunoslav Brčić-Kostić (mentor)
• Committee member: Damjan Franjević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Domazet-Lošo (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Krunoslav Brčić-Kostić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasenka Sremac (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2012-10-31, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Oksidativna fosforilacija je biokemijski put odgovoran za proizvodnju većine energije u eukariotskoj stanici koji je strogo ovisan o kisiku. Nastao je u bakterijama i prenesen je u eukariote endosimbiozom, gdje je kasnije proširivan i dorađivan. Međutim, još uvijek nije poznato točno vrijeme nastanka i nadogradnje ovog puta. Bilo je pokušaja određivanja starosti ovog biokemijskog puta, ali uglavnom su imali slabu rezoluciju zbog korištenja malog broja sekvenciranih genoma. U ovom radu odredila sam vrijeme makroevolucijskih tranzicija u evoluciji oksidativne fosforilacije pomoću genomske filostratigrafije. Rezultati pokazuju tri perioda velikih makroevolucijskih tranzicija u evoluciji oksidativne fosforilacije: (1) nastanak staničnih organizama, (2) nastanak Opisthokonta i (3) nastanak Bilateria. Zanimljivo je primijetiti da nastanak Bilateria korelira s velikim porastom koncentracije kisika u Zemljinoj atmosferi i oceanima, te pojavom prvih velikih višestaničnih organizama.

Abstract (english)

Oxidative phosphorylation is a biochemical pathway responsible for generation of most of the eukaryotic cell’s energy and is strictly dependent of oxygen. It originated in Bacteria and was introduced into the Eukaryotic cell through an endosymbiotic event, where it has been expanded and modified. However, the exact time of the origin and expansions is still not clear. There have been attempts to time these events, but their resolution was mostly poor due to use of few sequenced genomes. In this study I used the genomic phylostratigraphy approach to study macroevolutionary transitions in the evolution of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. The results show three periods of major adaptations during the evolution of OXPHOS pathway: (1) the origin of cellular organisms, (2) the origin of Opisthokonta, and (3) the origin of Bilateria. It is interesting to note that the origin of Bilateria correlates with a large increase in oxygen concentrations in the Earth’s atmosphere and oceans, as well as the appearance of the first large multicellular organisms.

• Keywords: oksidativna fosforilacija; evolucija; genomska filostratigrafija
• Keywords (english): oxidative phosphorylation; evolution; genomic phylostratigraphy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:080172
• Study programme: Title: Experimental Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra eksperimentalne biologije (magistar/magistra eksperimentalne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2017-05-02 08:21:18