Virološki i imunološki parametri u infekciji virusom ljudske imunodeficijencije tipa 1

master's thesis

• Title (english): Virological and immunological parameters in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
• Author: Hrvoje Rimac
• Mentor: Snježana Židovec Lepej (mentor)
• Committee member: Snježana Židovec Lepej (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Petra Peharec Štefanić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasna Lajtner (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Petra Korać (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-12-09, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Ciljevi ovog istraživanja bili su analiza imunosnog statusa i kinetike virusne replikacije u osoba
kojima je zaraza virusom ljudske imunodeficijencije (HIV) otkrivena u Hrvatskoj u razdoblju
od 2014. do 2017.g. te usporedba dobivenih rezultata podacima iz 2020.g. Također su istražene
potencijalne razlike u broju slučajeva kasne prezentacije u skrb i uznapredovale HIV infekcije
u promatranim vremenskim intervalima te su analizirani dodatni parametri stanične imunosti i
njihova moguća povezanost s kinetikom virusne replikacije. Jednosmjerna analiza varijance i
Bonferroni post-hoc test pokazali su statistički značajno veće srednje vrijednosti apsolutnog
broja i postotka CD4+ T-limfocita kod osoba s otkrivenom zarazom HIV-om u 2020.g. u
odnosu na osobe kojima je zaraza otkrivena 2016. i 2017.g. Hi kvadrat test pokazao je statistički
značajnu razliku u broju ispitanika s uznapredovalom HIV bolešću u trenutku dijagnoze
tijekom promatranog vremenskog razdoblja, a pacijenti kojima je zaraza otkrivena 2015. i 2020.
godine pokazali su najniže vrijednosti postotka ispitanika s kasnom i jako kasnom
prezentacijom u skrb. Analizom dodatnih imunoloških parametara u odnosu na referentne
vrijednosti utvrđene su i povišene srednje vrijednosti postotka CD8+ T-limfocita,
CD8+/CD38+ T-limfocita i postotka aktiviranih T-limfocita kao i omjera CD8+ i CD4+ Tlimfocita. Rezultati ovog rada pokazuju da je tijekom 2020.g. zaraza HIV-om u većine
ispitanika otkrivena prije nastanka značajne deficijencije stanične imunosti. Dodatne analize
imunološkog statusa pokazale su značajnu aktivaciju stanične imunosti u HIV-om zaraženih
osoba.

Abstract (english)

Aims of this study were to analyze the immune status and kinetics of viral replication in
individuals diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Croatia in the period from
2014 to 2017 and to compare the results with data from 2020. Potential differences in the
number of cases of late presentation to HIV care and cases of advanced HIV infection in the
observed time intervals were also investigated and additional parameters of cellular immunity
and their possible connection with the kinetics of viral replication were analyzed. One-way
analysis of variance and Bonferroni post-hoc test showed statistically significantly higher mean
values of absolute number and percentage of CD4 + T-lymphocytes in individuals diagnosed
with HIV in 2020 compared to people diagnosed with infection in 2016 and 2017. The Chi
square test showed a statistically significant difference in the number of cases with advanced
HIV disease at the time of diagnosis during the observed time period and patients diagnosed
with the HIV infection in 2015 and 2020 showed the lowest percentages with late and very late
presentation to care. The analysis of additional immunological parameters in relation to the
reference values revealed elevated mean values of the percentage of CD8 + T-lymphocytes,
CD8+/CD38+ T-lymphocytes and the percentage of activated T-lymphocytes as well as the
ratio of CD8+ and CD4+ T-lymphocytes. The results of this research show that the most cases
of HIV infection diagnosed in 2020. were detected before the onset of significant cellular
immunity deficiency. Additional analyzes of immune status showed significant activation of
cellular immunity in HIV-infected individuals.

• Keywords: HIV-1; Broj CD4+ T-limfocita; viremija; kasna prezentacija; imunopatogeneza
• Keywords (english): HIV-1; CD4+ T-lymphocyte count; viremia; late presentation; immunopathogenesis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:323908
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra molekularne biologije (magistar/magistra molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-12-14 10:11:28