Biološke uloge glukozinolata

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Biological role of glucosinolates
• Author: Tia Žeželj Vidoša
• Mentor: Ivana Šola (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-21, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Glukozinolati su sumporom bogati specijalizirani biljni metaboliti zastupljeni u brojnim
vrstama reda Capparales, gdje spadaju i prehrambeno značajne vrste porodice Brassicaceae
(kupusnjače). Osnovna uloga glukozinolata u biljnom tkivu je obrana od herbivora i patogena.
Glukozinolati su inertni sve dok ne dođu u kontakt s enzimom mirozinaza prilikom oštećenja
tkiva. Mirozinaza hidrolizira glukozinolate u niz bioaktivnih, toksičnih produkata oporog
okusa. Osim kod biotičkog stresa uzrokovanog djelovanjem biljojeda i patogena, glukozinolati
sudjeluju i u regulaciji odgovora biljke na abiotičke stresore. Brojna istraživanja dokazala su
pozitivan učinak redovitog konzumiranja kupusnjača na ljudsko zdravlje i neki produkti
hidrolize glukozinolata posjeduju antikancerogena i protuupalna svojstva. Osim pozitivnog
djelovanja na ljudsko zdravlje, pojedini glukozinolati i njihovi produkti razgradnje mogu imati
i antinutritivna svojstva. Opisane su i bakterijske mirozinaze koje hidroliziraju glukozinolate u
probavnom traktu sisavaca. Kuhanje i drugi procesi obrade biljaka, značajno utječu na
bioraspoloživost glukozinolata. S obzirom na njihova ljekovita svojstva, istražuju se novi načini
pohrane i obrade biljnog materijala kako bi se spriječio gubitak glukozinolata i maksimizirala
bioraspoloživost. Brojna istraživanja posvećena su proučavaju različitih glukozinolata i
njihovih produkata hidrolize u svrhu razvoja novih terapeutika.

Abstract (english)

Glucosinolates are sulfur-rich specialized plant metabolites found in the order Brassicales.
Glucosinolates play an important role in plant defense against herbivores and pathogens. Upon
tissue damage, glucosinolates come into contact with enzyme myrosinase and are hydrolyzed
to a variety of bioactive, toxic products of bitter taste. Glucosinolates also play an important
role in regulating plant response to abiotic stress. Plenty of research shows that regular
consumption of cruciferous vegetables has a positive impact on overall human health. Some
products of glucosinolate degradation show anti inflammatory and anticancerogenic properties.
There are also reports of antinutritive properties in some glucosinolate derivatives that can lead
to a number of metabolic disorders. Other than plant myrosinase, bacterial myrosinases have
also been described. Gut microbiota has an important role in glucosinolate hydrolysis in
mammalian digestive system. Cooking and other forms of plant tissue processing have a huge
impact on glucosinolate availability. Considering the medicinal properties of glucosinolates,
there is a lot of effort given in optimizing the existing and finding new methods of storing and
processing of vegetables to maximize the bioavailability. Much research is focused in
developing new therapeutics based on glucosinolates or their derivatives to fight diseases.

• Keywords: glukozinolati; biološke uloge; mirozinaza; bioraspoloživost
• Keywords (english): glucosinolates; biological role; myrosinase; bioavailability
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:935757
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-10-05 09:14:56