Biološke specifičnosti živčanog sustava hobotnica

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Biological specificity of the octopus' nervous system
• Author: Sara Šrepfler
• Mentor: Anamaria Štambuk (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Zbog razvoja u uvjetima visoke predacije, kod hobotnica se brzo morao razviti složen živčani
sustav sposoban obraditi i primiti veliku količinu informacija iz okoliša kako bi preživjele. Cilj je
ovog rada opisati svojstva živčanog sustava hobotnica koja im omogućuju razvoj složenih oblika
ponašanja i prilagodbu na širok spektar okolišnih uvjeta. Proširenje raznolikosti proteoma
uređivanjem RNA smatra se jednim od glavnih mehanizama adaptacije kod hobotnica. Najčešće
se radi o A-u-I uređivanju na dijelovima RNA okruženim očuvanim regijama kako bi ih točno
prepoznali odgovarajući enzimi. Očuvanje tih regija usporava evoluciju temeljenu na DNA.
Proširene obitelji protokadherina i cinkovih prstiju C2H2 tipa, kao i adultna neurogeneza također
su važna svojstva koja pridonose razvoju složenih živčanih sustava. Daljnjim istraživanjem
mehanizama iza razvoja složenog živčanog sustava hobotnice možda će se stvoriti jasnija slika
pojave visokih kognitivnih sposobnosti ne samo kod hobotnica, nego i kod svih životinja sa
složenim mozgovima.

Abstract (english)

Due to the octopus' development in a high-predation environment, a complex nervous system able
to process and detect a large number of stimuli from its surroundings had to quickly evolve in order
to survive. This paper aims to review the features of the octopus' nervous system that enabled them
to develop complex behaviour and adapt to a wide array of environments. Proteome diversity
expansion by RNA editing is considered to be one of the main mechanisms of adaptation in
octopuses. A-to-I editing is the most common, with editing sites surrounded by conserved regions
so they can be correctly recognized by specific enzymes. These conserved regions slow down
DNA-based evolution. Expansions of the protocadherin and C2H2 zinc-finger gene families, as
well as adult neurogenesis, play another significant role in complex nervous system development.
Further research of the mechanisms behind complex nervous system development in octopuses
might be able to shed more light on the emergence of high cognitive abilities not only in octopuses,
but in all animals with complex brains.

• Keywords: RNA uređivanje; ADAR enzimi; raznolikost proteoma; protokadherini; adultna neurogeneza
• Keywords (english): RNA editing; ADAR enzymes; proteome diversity; protocadherins; adult neurogenesis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:438384
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-10-07 08:32:37