Ugroženost periski (Pinna nobilis Linneaus, 1758) u Jadranskom moru

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Endangerment of the Noble pen shell (Pinna nobilis Linneaus, 1758) in Adriatic sea
• Author: Borna Šikić
• Mentor: Petar Kružić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Plemenita periska endem je Jadrana i zakonom zaštićena vrsta. U Hrvatskoj je svaki
izlov ili komercijalizacija periske zabranjen te se novčano kažnjava. Pripada koljenu mekušaca,
živi na muljevito-pjeskovitim dnima u livadama cvjetnice posidonije ili samostalno. Ima
ljušturu trokutastog oblika koja može doseći duljinu od jednog metra, a može težiti do 3
kilograma. Površina školjke služi kao stanište brojnim vrstama morskih organizama te često
žive u simbiozi s malim rakovima čuvarkućama (Pontonia pinnophylax i Nepinnotheres
pinnotheres). Poznate su od antike te su se koristile kao jelo, ukrasi ili za izradu alata. Njihove
populacije u moderno doba se ubrzano smanjuju i nestaju iz brojnih razloga. Najviše utjecaja
na periske ima globalno zatopljenje, ilegalno vađenje, neoprezno sidrenje, zagađenje vode i
bolesti. Najnoviji masovni pomori u Jadranu uzrokovani su parazitima Haplosporidium pinnae
i Mycobacterium sp. kojima odgovara zagrijavanje mora. Kako bi se vrsta spasila od izumiranja,
provode se brojni znanstveni i civilni projekti, među kojima je i projekt pulskog akvarija gdje
prikupljaju zdravu mlađ periski u svrhu daljnjeg razmnožavanja. Kako bi se osigurao siguran
život za preostale periske koje su slobodne i zdrave u Jadranskom moru, potrebno je povećati
nadzor nad njihovim staništima te strože kažnjavati prijestupnike koji ih vade iz mora

Abstract (english)

Noble pen shell is endemic to the Adriatic sea and the species is protected by law. In Croatia,
hunting and commercialization of the pen shell is forbidden with prescribed penalites. It
belongs to the phylum Mollusca, its habitat is sandy and mud bottom covered with Posidonia
seagrass meadows or they live on their own. Its shell has triangular shape with the lenght of 1
metre and weight of 3 kilograms. Surface of the shell serves as a habitat for many small sea
organisms and sometimes, small crabs Pontonia pinnophylax & Nepinnotheres pinnotheres
live in the symbiotic relationship with the noble pen shell. Pen shells were known throughout
the history, when they were used as food, decorations and tools. In the modern ages,
populations of the pen shell are in a sharp decline due to global warming, illegal fishing,
careless anchoring, water contamination and pollution and diseases. Recent mass mortality
events were caused by Haplosporidium pinnae and Mycobacterium sp. parasites due to
increasing sea temperatures. In order to save noble pen shell form extintion, a number of
projects were started. In Pula aquarium, young noble pen shells are collected for breeding and
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growing new populations. More surveillance is needed to thoroughly secure remaining pen
shells in the wild, and increasing fines for illegal fishermen of the pen shell.

• Keywords: plemenita periska; zaštita
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:029194
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-10-10 11:05:37