Izravna i rezidualna toksičnost insekticida na predatorsku stjenicu Macrolophus pygmaeus

master's thesis

• Title (english): Direct and residual toxicity of insecticides to the predatory mirid Macrolophus pygmaeus
• Author: Luka Miholić
• Mentor: Renata Bažok (mentor)
• Mentor: Ivančica Ternjej (komentor)
• Committee member: Ivančica Ternjej (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sven Jelaska (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dražen Balen (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivan Čanjevac (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Alan Moro (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

U integriranoj zaštiti biljaka često se nameće potreba istovremenog suzbijanja štetnika upotrebom
kemijskih sredstava i pomoću prirodnih neprijatelja. U takvim je slučajevima od izuzetne važnosti
poznavati učinak pojedinih insekticida na što veći broj prirodnih neprijatelja. Predatorska stjenica
Macrolophus pygmaeus Rambur koristi se za suzbijanje štitastih moljaca, tripsa, koprivine grinje,
lisnih uši i drugih značajnih štetnika u stakleničkoj proizvodnji plodovitog povrća. Cilj ovog rada
bio je utvrditi izravnu i rezidualnu (1, 3 i 7 dana nakon tretiranja) toksičnost insekticida na osnovi
djelatnih tvari azadiraktin, spinosad, piretrin, lambda-cihalotrin, acetamiprid, abamectin i
lufenuron primijenjenih u tri koncentracije na predatorsku stjenicu Macrolophus pygmaeus.
Hipoteza je da osjetljivost vrste Macrolophus pygmaeus ovisi o vrsti insekticida i primijenjenoj
koncentraciji pri čemu je osjetljivost pri izravnom tretiranju najveća, a u slučaju ispuštanja stjenica
na tretirane biljke osjetljivost raste s porastom koncentracije primijenjenog insekticida dok se
smanjuje s protokom vremena koje je prošlo od tretiranja do izlaganja stjenice insekticidu.
Rezultati su pokazali da izravni kontakt insekticida ima jači utjecaj od rezidualnog, dok kod
rezidualnog utjecaj opada sa starošću depozita insekticida. Učinak insekticida u oba pokusa je
jačao s protekom vremena od izlaganja stjenica insekticidima. Porast koncentracije insekticida nije
imao značajan učinak na osjetljivost stjenice.

Abstract (english)

In integrated plant protection, there is often a need to control pests at the same time using chemical
agents and natural enemies. In such cases, it is extremely important to know the effect of individual
insecticides on as many natural enemies as possible. The predatory bug Macrolophus pygmaeus
Rambur is used to control shield moths, thrips, nettle mites, aphids and other significant pests in
the greenhouse production of fruit-bearing vegetables. The aim of this work was to determine the
direct and residual (1, 3 and 7 days after treatment) toxicity of insecticides based on the active
substances azadirachtin, spinosad, pyrethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, acetamiprid, abamectin and
lufenuron applied in three concentrations to the predatory bug Macrolophus pygmaeus. The
hypothesis is that the sensitivity of the Macrolophus pygmaeus species depends on the type of
insecticide and the applied concentration, where the sensitivity is the highest during direct
treatment, and in the case of the release of mirids on treated plants, the sensitivity increases with
the increase in the concentration of the applied insecticide, while it decreases with the passage of
time that has passed from treatment to exposure of mirids to insecticide. The results showed that
direct insecticide contact has a stronger impact than residual one, while the residual impact
decreases with the age of the insecticide deposit. The effect of the insecticides in both experiments
increased with the passage of time after the exposure of the mirids to the insecticides. The
differences in the concentrations of insecticides weren’t significant.

• Keywords: održiva poljoprivreda; prirodni neprijatelji; integrirana zaštita bilja
• Keywords (english): sustainable agriculture; natural enemies; integrated plant protection
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:807962
• Study programme: Title: Enviromental Sciences; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra struke znanosti o okolišu (magistar/magistra struke znanosti o okolišu)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-10-20 12:34:08