Toksični učinci mikroplastike na vodene biljke

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Toxic effects of microplastics on aquatic plants
• Author: Natalija Vidović
• Mentor: Biljana Balen (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-04, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Mikroplastika je jedan od najznačajnijih čimbenika onečišćenja okoliša koji nastaje degradacijom
plastike na fragmente mikrometarskih dimenzija. Prisutna je u gotovo svim ekosustavima u kojima
stupa u izravnu interakciju sa živim organizmima. Slatkovodna staništa česti su izvori visokih
koncentracija mikroplastike koja se deponira s kopna iz otpadnih voda, ispiranjem obrađenog tla
ili neodgovornim odlaganjem otpada. Slatkovodne biljke (makrofiti) su, uz alge, primarni
proizvođači i prva... More trofička razina hranidbenih lanaca, zbog čega značajno utječu na stabilnost
slatkovodnog ekosustava. Stoga je cilj recentnijih istraživanja bio ustanoviti prirodu odnosa
između slatkovodnih biljaka i čestica mikroplastike. Toksični učinci mikroplastike ovise o njenim
fizikalnim i kemijskim svojstvima: dimenziji, obliku, gustoći, naboju, sastavu, aditivima itd. S
druge strane, najrelevantniji fiziološki odgovori biljaka temelje se na promjeni u vrijednostima
parametara koji su povezani s rastom, procesom fotosinteze, morfološkim stanjem i proliferacijom.
Da bi mikroplastika mogla imati učinak na biljke, treba prionuti na njihovu površinu ili apsorbirati
unutar vaskularnog sustava, što ovisi o nizu okolišnih čimbenika. Prednosti proučavanja interakcije
između mikroplastike i slatkovodnih makrofita je njihovo potencijalno korištenje kao bioindikatora
kontaminacije i za proces bioremedijacije in situ, za što je ključno precizno poznavati moguće
toksične učinke mikroplastike na određenu biljnu vrstu. Less

Abstract (english)

Microplastic is one of the most important factors of environmental pollution, caused by the
degradation of plastics into micrometre-sized fragments. It is present in almost all ecosystems
where they interact directly with living organisms. Freshwater habitats are common sources of high
concentrations of microplastics deposited on land from wastewater, leaching from croplands or
irresponsible waste disposal. Freshwater plants (macrophytes), together with algae, are the primary
producers... More and the first trophic level of food chains, and therefore they have a significant impact on
the stability of the freshwater ecosystem. Therefore, the objective of recent researches was to
determine the nature of a relationship between freshwater macrophytes and microplastic particles.
The toxic effects of microplastics depend on their physical and chemical properties: size, shape,
density, charge, composition, additives, etc. On the other hand, the main physiological responses
of plants are based on changes in parameters related to growth, photosynthesis process,
morphological state and proliferation. For microplastics to affect plants, they must adhere to their
surface or be taken up into the vascular system, which depends on a number of environmental
factors. The advantage of studying the interaction between microplastics and freshwater in situ
macrophytes is the potential use as bioindicators of contamination and for the process of
bioremediation, for which it is crucial to know precisely the potential toxic effects of microplastics
on a given plant species. Less

• Keywords: makrofiti; slatkovodna staništa; kontaminacija okoliša; fitotoksičnost; bioindikatori; bioremedijacija
• Keywords (english): macrophytes; freshwater habitats; environmental contamination; phytotoxicity; bioindicators; bioremediation
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:176387
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-09-12 10:52:16