Kolutićavci dubokomorskih hidrotermalnih izvora

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Annelids from deep-sea hydrothermal vents
• Author: Manuela Spevec
• Mentor: Marko Miliša (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-08-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Dubokomorski hidrotermalni izvor je pukotina na morskom dnu iz koje istječe geotermalno
zagrijana voda, a najčešće se formiraju na srednjooceanskim hrptovima. Smatraju se jednim od
najranijih tipova okoliša koji je postojao na Zemlji, a obilježje su našeg planeta i svjetskih
oceana još od Hadeana. Dubokomorski hidrotermalni izvori dom su visoko produktivnim
zajednicama posebno prilagođene faune koje ovise o kemosintezi i geotermalnoj energiji. Riftia
pachyptila je vrsta koja je dobila najveću pozornost znanstvenika te je njezin način života i
preživljavanja na izvorima uvelike istraženo. R. pachyptila je dubokomorski divovski crv
cjevaš koji nastanjuje okruženja bogatim sulfidima duž hidrotermalnih izvora na dnu Tihog
oceana, a pripada porodici Siboglinidae. Zbog specifičnog okoliša u kojem R. pachyptila živi
razvila je niz prilagodbi koje joj omogućuju bolje preživljavanje i rasprostranjenost. Meko tijelo
podijeljeno je u 4 regije koje su zaštićene uskom, izduženom cijevi sastavljenom od hitina.
Kako se radi o staništima s vrlo malo hranjivih tvari R. pachyptila ulazi u simbiozu s
kemosintetskim bakterijama. Kemosintetske bakterije oksidiraju sulfide kako bi dobile energiju
za fiksaciju CO₂. Jedinke R. pachyptila su odvojena spola, oplodnja je vanjsko-unutarnja, a
razvija se preko ličinačkog stadija koji pomaže u rasprostranjenosti.

Abstract (english)

A deep-sea hydrothermal vent is a fissure on the ocean floor from which geothermally heated
water emerges, most found along mid-ocean ridges. They are considered one of the earliest
types of environments to have existed on Earth, marking a feature of our planet and its oceans
since the Hadean era. Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are home to highly productive communities
of specially adapted fauna that rely on chemosynthesis and geothermal energy. Riftia pachyptila
is a species that has garnered significant attention from scientists, and its way of life and survival
at vents have been extensively researched. R. pachyptila is a deep-sea giant tube worm that
inhabits environments rich in sulfides along hydrothermal vents on the Pacific Ocean floor,
belonging to the family Siboglinidae. Due to the specific environment in which R. pachyptila
lives, it has developed a range of adaptations that enable it to survive and thrive. Its soft body
is divided into four regions, protected by a narrow, elongated tube made of chitin. Given the
nutrient-poor nature of these habitats, R. pachyptila enters symbiosis with chemosynthetic
bacteria. Chemosynthetic bacteria oxidize sulfides to obtain energy for CO₂ fixation. Individual
R. pachyptila worms are separate sexes, fertilization is external-internal, and they develop
through a larval stage that aids in their dispersal.

• Keywords: Riftia pachyptila; trofosoma; kemosinteza; trohofora
• Keywords (english): Riftia pachyptila; trophosome; chemosynthesis; trochophore
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:922682
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Sciences; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-09-26 12:44:12