Antimikrobna rezistencija izolata bakterija Enterobacteriaceae iz ljudskog urogenitalnog sustava

master's thesis

• Title (english): Antimicrobial resistance of Enterobacteriaceae isolates from human urogenital system
• Author: Matea Jurišić
• Mentor: Jasna Hrenović (mentor)
• Committee member: Jasna Hrenović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Petra Peharec Štefanić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Petar Kružić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Silvija Černi (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-27, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Antibiotici su farmakološke tvari koje zaustavljaju umnažanje bakterija, a da pri tome ne uzrokuju značajnu
štetu domaćinu. Danas je rezistencija bakterija na antibiotike vrlo raširena, a razvila se ponajviše zbog
neracionalne upotrebe antibiotika. Posebnu zabrinutost predstavlja sve češća pojava multiplorezistentnih
izolata koji produciraju β-laktamaze proširenog spektra (ESBL). Enterobacteriaceae su heterogena skupina
bakterija i česti su uzročnici infekcija mokraćnog, spolnog i probavnog sustava. Cilj istraživanja bio je pružiti
uvid u antimikrobnu rezistenciju izolata bakterija Enterobacteriaceae u Hrvatskoj te utvrditi prevalenciju
ESBL producirajućih izolata. Izolati bakterija Enterobacteriacae su izdvojeni iz ljudskog urogenitalnog
sustava od strane djelatnika Hrvatskog zavoda za javno zdravstvo i ustupljeni su za provedbu
eksperimentalnog dijela diplomskog rada. Osjetljivost izolata na antibiotike ispitana je disk-difuzijskom
metodom po Kirby-Baueru i metodom dvostrukog disk-sinergijskog testa. Utvrđena je velika rezistencija
Enterobacteriacae na β-laktame (ampicilin 100%, svi cefalosporini više od 90%), fluorokinolone
(ciprofloksacin 77%, norfloksacin 74% ) i aminoglikozide (gentamicin 44% i amikacin 10%). Samo 10%
izolata Enterobacteriaceae produciralo je ESBL.

Abstract (english)

Antibiotics are pharmacological substances that inhibit the multiplication of bacteria without causing
significant harm to the host. Today, bacterial resistance to antibiotics is widespread and has mainly
developed due to the irrational use of antibiotics. A particular concern is the increasingly frequent
occurrence of multi-drug resistant isolates producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL).
Enterobacteriaceae are a heterogeneous group of bacteria and are common causes of urinary, sexual, and
digestive system infections. The aim of the research was to provide insight into the antimicrobial resistance
of Enterobacteriaceae isolates in Croatia and to determine the prevalence of ESBL-producing isolates.
Enterobacteriaceae bacterial isolates were obtained from the human urogenital system by the staff of the
Croatian Institute of Public Health and were provided to me for the experimental part of my thesis. The
sensitivity of the isolates to antibiotics was tested using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and the
double disk synergy test. A high resistance of Enterobacteriaceae to β-lactams (ampicillin 100%, all
cephalosporins over 90%), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin 77%, norfloxacin 74%) and aminoglycosides
(gentamicin 44% and amikacin 10%) was determined. Only 10% of Enterobacteriaceae isolates produced
ESBL.

• Keywords: bakterije; β-laktamaze proširenog spektra; rezistencija; antibiotici; urogenitalne infekcije
• Keywords (english): bacteria; extended-spectrum β-lactamases; resistance; antibiotics; urogenital infections
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:489556
• Study programme: Title: Experimental Biology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra eksperimentalne biologije (magistar/magistra eksperimentalne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-10-16 11:06:40