Promjene u morfologiji ptica od perioda jure do danas

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Changes in morphology of birds from Jurassic till present
• Author: Tea Trčak
• Mentor: Karmen Fio Firi (mentor)
• Mentor: Ankica Oros Sršen (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Geology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-21, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Nalazi roda Archaeopteryx predstavljaju prvi fosilni zapis ptica. Od jure kada je ovaj rod živio, do sadašnjosti gdje su ptice bitan dio mnogih ekosustava, mnogo se promijenilo u morfologiji ptica i njihovom načinu života. U početku njihova razvoja, praptice su dijelile mnoge karakteristike s dinosaurima, kao što su zubi u kljunu i kralješci u repu, no već u kredi se većina tih karakteristika gubi. Razvoj sposobnosti letenja započeo je kao ublažavanje pada i skakanje s jedne površine na drugu dok se nisu razvile brojne prilagodbe, kao redukcija kostiju i aerodinamično perje koje je pticama omogućilo spretan i okretan let. Praptice izgledom podsjećaju na spoj gmazova i ptica, no početkom kenozoika poprimaju karakteristike modernih ptica. Sistematika ptica je kompleksna i bazira se na komparativnoj anatomiji i DNK analizama te još uvijek postoje brojne nedoumice oko veza između pojedinih grupa unutar jedne od najbolje istraženih skupina životinja na svijetu. Ovaj rad daje uvid u razvoj ptica od perioda jure, kada se prvi puta pojavio rod Archaeopteryx, do modernog doba kada ptice postižu najveću razinu diversifikacije.

Abstract (english)

The genus Archeopteryx represents the first fossil record of birds. From the Jurassic, when the genus first appeared, to the present, where birds are an essential part of many ecosystems, much has changed in the morphology of birds and their way of living. At the beginning of their development, the first bird shared many characteristics with dinosaurs, such as teeth in their beaks and vertebrae in their tails, but shortly after, in the Cretaceous, most of these characteristics were lost. The ability to fly began as cushioning the fall and jumping from one surface to another until numerous adaptations such as bone reduction and streamlined feathers developed that allowed birds to fly nimbly and elegantly today. First birds look like a combination of reptiles and birds, but at the beginning of the Cenozoic they took on the characteristics of modern birds. The systematics of birds are complex and are based on comparative anatomy and DNA analysis, but there are still many questions about the connections between individual groups within one of the best-studied animals in the world. This scientific paper provides an insight into the development of birds from the Jurassic period, when the genus Archeopteryx first appeared, to the modern era, when birds reach the highest level of diversification.

• Keywords: rod Archaeopteryx; fosili; usporedba; let; kostur; razvoj
• Keywords (english): Archaeopteryx genus; fossils; comparison; flight; skeleton; development
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:848236
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Sciences-University undergraduate programme; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) struke znanosti o okolišu)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-01-11 11:31:50