Position of chromosomes 1 and 9, labeled using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, with respect to the nuclear envelope and centrosomes

master's thesis

• Title (croatian): Položaj kromosoma 1 i 9, obilježenih pomoću tehnologije CRISPR/Cas9, u odnosu na jezgrinu ovojnicu i centrosome
• Author: Petra Mikec
• Mentor: Iva Marija Tolić (mentor)
• Committee member: Iva Marija Tolić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maja Matulić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Petra Peharec Štefanić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Biljana Balen (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-02-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Human chromosomes occupy specific territories in the cell nucleus. Chromosomes that are
localized at the periphery of the cell nucleus at the onset of mitosis show increased missegregation
rates, in compromised mitosis conditions, than the chromosomes that are
localized centrally. I specifically labeled subtelomeric region of chromosome 1 and
pericentromeric region of chromosome 9 using technology CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly
interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9). I determined their
position in the cell nucleus, during early prometaphase, with respect to the nuclear envelope
and centrosomes. Chromosome 1 is localized at the periphery, whereas chromosome 9 is
equally distributed in the cell nucleus during early prometaphase. Furthermore, chromosome 1
and chromosome 9 are both equally polar (closing the angle of >90º with the spindle pole)
during early prometaphase. Also, there is no difference in the distance between chromosome 1
and chromosome 9 from the centrosome in early prometaphase and the average distance of
the centrosome to the former nuclear envelope in early prometaphase is 2.79 μm. The position
of centrosomes during early prometaphase is important from the point of mitotic fidelity. The
results of this thesis further support future research of specific chromosome position during
early prometaphase.

Abstract (croatian)

Kromosomi ljudskih stanica zauzimaju specifične teritorije u jezgri. Kromosomi koji se
nalaze na periferiji jezgre prije početka mitoze skloniji su pogrešnoj podjeli, u uvjetima
narušene mitoze, u odnosu na kromosome koji su pozicionirani centralno. Specifično sam
obilježila subtelomernu regiju kromosoma 1 i pericentromernu regiju kromosoma 9
upotrebom tehnologije CRISPR/Cas9 (engl. clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic
repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9). Odredila sam položaj navedenih kromosoma u
jezgri, tijekom rane prometafaze, u odnosu na jezgrinu ovojnicu i centrosome. Kromosom 1
zauzima periferni položaj, dok je kromosom 9 podjednako distribuiran u svim dijelovima
jezgre tijekom rane prometafaze. Nadalje, kromosom 1 i kromosom 9 su podjednako polarni
(zatvaraju kut >90º s polom diobenog vretena) tijekom rane prometafaze. Također, ne postoji
razlika u udaljenosti kromosoma 1 i kromosoma 9 od centrosoma u ranoj prometafazi te
prosječna udaljenost centrosoma od nekadašnje jezgrine ovojnice tijekom rane prometafaze
iznosi 2,79 μm. Pozicija centrosoma tijekom rane prometafaze važna je za pravilnu diobu.
Rezultati proizašli iz ovoga rada podupiru buduća istraživanja položaja specifičnih
kromosoma tijekom rane prometafaze.

• Keywords: peripheral-polar chromosomes; early prometaphase; centrosomes
• Keywords (croatian): periferni-polarni kromosomi; rana prometafaza; centrosomi
• Language: english
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:632137
• Project: Number: Grant agreement ID: 855158; Title: Molecular origins of aneuploidies in healthy and diseased human tissues (Aneuploidy); Jurisdiction: eu; Funder: EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council (ERC)
• Study programme: Title: Molecular Biology-University graduate programme; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Embargoed access; Embargo expiration date: 2026-02-20
• Created on: 2024-02-28 08:07:46