Napajanje satelita u niskoj orbiti pomoću specijalno dizajniranih laserskih snopova svjetlosti

master's thesis

• Title (english): Powering low Earth orbit satellites using specially designed laser beams of light
• Author: Teodor Lozinski
• Mentor: Hrvoje Buljan (mentor)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Buljan (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Matko Milin (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Karolina Matejak Cvenić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marinko Jablan (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Katarina Jeličić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Physics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-05-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Physics

Abstract

Sateliti koji lete u niskoj orbiti (eng. Low Earth Orbit = LEO) jednim se dijelom svoje orbite često nalaze u sjeni Zemlje, odnosno nisu izravno izloženi sunčevoj svjetlosti te se tada ne mogu napajati koristeći sunčeve ćelije. Stoga moraju nositi baterije kako bi bili funkcionalni i u tom dijelu orbite. Međutim, baterija predstavlja teret koji je potrebno lansirati zajedno sa satelitom u orbitu. Postoji ideja da bi se teret mogao smanjiti kad bi se ti sateliti mogli napajati čak i kada su u sjeni, ukoliko bi se na njih usmjerio snop laserske svjetlosti s drugog satelita koji je osvijetljen sunčevom svjetlošću. Nezaobilazan element takvog sustava napajanja je laser koji može usmjeriti svjetlost sa satelita koji odašilje energiju na satelit koji ju prima. U okviru ovog rada bavimo se različitim vrstama snopova laserske svjetlosti odnosno analizom snopova radi utvrđivanja onog s najučinkovitijim transferom snage radi napajanja satelita na velikim udaljenostima kroz slobodan prostor/medij. Ocjenjivat ćemo i usporediti efikasnost različitih izvedbi Gaussovog snopa s Besselovim snopom i Optical Pin Beam snopom, specijalnim snopom svjetlosti koji se dizajnira pomoću Airyevih funkcija radi minimizacije difrakcije. Pitanje na koje želimo odgovoriti jest mogu li dobit nastale zbog minimizacije difrakcije nadoknaditi gubitke koji nastaju kreiranjem odgovarajućeg snopa s odgovarajućom faznom maskom.

Abstract (english)

Satellites orbiting closest to Earth or low Earth orbit satellites often find themselves in Earth's shadow, i.e. they aren't exposed to sunlight so they cannot utilize solar cells during that period. In order to be operational while traveling through the shadow they're equipped with batteries. However, batteries are an extra payload that has to be launched with a satellite in orbit. There is an idea that the satellites could be powered even when they are in part of the orbit in which direct sunlight is obstructed by Earth if another satellite in higher orbit illuminates their solar cells by a beam of laser light, which would consequently reduce payload. Essential element of this charging system is a laser that's able to direct its light beam from a satellite emitting energy to a satellite receiving it. Within the scope of this thesis, we deal with different kinds of laser beams, that is, analysis of beams so that we could determine which one would be the most efficient for charging up the satellite over long distances (through empty space). We will evaluate and compare efficacy of different implementations of Gaussian beams with Bessel beams, and Optical Pin beam, which is a special type of light beam, and it's designed with Airy's functions for minimization of diffraction. The question that we'd like to answer is whether the gains from minimization of diffraction can compensate for the losses that occur when creating needed beams with appropriate phase masks.

• Keywords: napajanje satelita; orbita; solarne ćelije; laser; Gaussov snop svjetlosti; Besselov snop svjetlosti; baterija; teret
• Keywords (english): satellite charging/powering; orbit; solar cells; laser; Gauss beam; Bessel beam; battery; payload
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:005796
• Study programme: Title: The Integrated University Undergraduate and Graduate Programme in Physics and Computer Science Education; specializations in: Physics and informatics; Course: Physics and informatics; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni magistar edukacije fizike i informatike (sveučilišni magistar edukacije fizike i informatike)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-07-26 09:51:59