Utjecaj promjenjivih svjetlosnih uvjeta na fotosintezu u biljaka

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): The effect of changing light conditions on photosynthesis in plants
• Author: Antonija Križanec
• Mentor: Željka Vidaković-Cifrek (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Svjetlost je ključna za život biljaka jer služi kao izvor energije u procesu fotosinteze. Fotosinteza je složen proces kojim biljke provode pretvorbu svjetlosne energije u biološki iskoristivu energiju, a odvija se u kloroplastima. Osim što je važan izvor energije, svjetlost posredstvom fotoreceptora sudjeluje u regulaciji rasta i razvoja biljaka. Kao sesilni organizmi, biljke imaju različite prilagodbe i mehanizme aklimatizacije koji im omogućuju provedbu fotosinteze u promjenjivim svjetlosnim uvjetima. Odgovor biljaka na promjenjive, često nepovoljne, svjetlosne uvjete ostvaruje se na različitim organizacijskim razinama. Primjer odgovora na promjene osvjetljenja su gibanja organa i kloroplasta, promjene sadržaja fotosintetskih pigmenata i nekih svojstava fotosistema. Pri visokom intenzitetu svjetlosti postoji opasnost od oštećenja fotosintetskog aparata, što može negativno utjecati na stopu fotosinteze i razvoj biljke. Opisani su različiti mehanizmi koji postoje u biljkama radi zaštite od posljedica djelovanja previsokog intenziteta svjetlosti. Nadalje, biljke koje žive u zasjenjenim uvjetima imaju čitav niz prilagodbi za provedbu fotosinteze pri niskom intenzitetu svjetlosti. Ovaj rad daje uvid u složenost utjecaja svjetlosti na biljke i opisuje neke od mehanizama prilagodbe fotosinteze na promjenjive svjetlosne uvjete.

Abstract (english)

Light is essential for the life of plants because it is a source of energy for the process of photosynthesis, in which plants convert light energy into biologically usable energy. Besides being an important source of energy, light is also involved in the regulation of plant growth and development, in which the photoreceptors are involved. As sessile organisms, plants have various adaptations and acclimatization mechanisms that enable them to perform photosynthesis under changing light conditions. Plants respond to changing, often unfavourable light conditions at different organizational levels. Examples of responses to variable light include the movement of organs and chloroplasts, changes in the content of photosynthetic pigments and certain properties of the photosystems. At high light intensities, there is a risk of damage to the photosynthetic apparatus, which can have a negative effect on the rate of photosynthesis and plant development. There are various mechanisms in plants that protect them from the consequences of excessive light intensity. In addition, plants that live in the shade have different adaptations for performing photosynthesis at low light intensity. This article gives an insight into the complexity of the effects of light on plants and describes some of the adaptation mechanisms of photosynthesis to changing light conditions.

• Keywords: fotokemijske reakcije; fotoreceptori; fotosintetski pigmenti; fotosistemi; karotenoidi; tilakoidna membrana
• Keywords (english): photochemical reactions; photosynthetic pigments; photoreceptors; photosystems; carotenoids; thylakoid membrane
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:881019
• Study programme: Title: Molecular biology-University undergraduate programme; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-09-22 09:55:59