Fitoestrogeni i osteoporoza

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Phytoestrogens and osteoporosis
• Author: Jelena Jakupić
• Mentor: Nada Oršolić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Science; (Department of Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2014, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology

Abstract

Impresivni rezultati mnogobrojnih istraživanja na kultiviranim koštanim stanicama i raznim modelnim organizmima vezanih uz postmenopauzalne simptome i bolesti poput osteoporoze, podupiru značajan učinak sojinih fitoestrogena iz skupine izoflavona (daidzeina i genisteina) na zdravlje kosti i prevenciju osteoporoze. Prehrambeni fitoestrogeni su Prirodni spojevi biljaka, koje oponašaju djelovanje ženskog spolnog hormona estrogena, zbog strukturne sličnosti sa 17-β-estradiolom. Pokazuju veliki afinitet za receptore estrogena (više za ER-β, nego ER-α), i vežući se za receptore estrogena, doprinose zdravlju žena u razdoblju postmenopauze, kada koncentracija estrogena opada i izaziva razne promjene u organizmu. Važni su u ublažavanju simptoma osteoporoze u menopauzi, jer imaju estrogeno djelovanje i zajedno s drugim čimbenicima sprečavaju resorpciju kosti i smanjuju rizik od prijeloma. U biljci, fitoestrogeni se javljaju u ne aktivnom obliku (glukokonjugati), za čiju su konverziju u aktivni oblik važne bakterije debelog crijeva koje izlučuju enzim β-glikozidazu. Ovaj pregled ustredotočuje se na mogući utjecaj fitoestrogena na kosti, temeljen na brojnim istraživanjima znanstvenika diljem svijeta. Prikupljeni podaci ukazuju da je biološka aktivnost fitoestrogena kompleksna. Sama stopa utjecaja i točni mehanizmi djelovanja još uvijek nisu u potpunosti otkriveni. Fitoestrogeni su potencijalni nutrijenti i prehrambene komponente koje mogu djelovati na zdravlje kosti i još neke druge bolesti, ali potrebna su mnogobrojna istraživanja na ovu temu kako bi se razvile učinkovite i prijevremene strategije u prevenciji osteoporoze.

Abstract (english)

Impressive data from the many studies on cultured bone cells and various model organisms of postmenopausal simptoms and diseases like osteoporosis support a significant bone-sparing effect of soy phytoestrogens from the group of isoflavones (daidzein, genistein). Dietary phytoestrogens are natural plant substances with structure similar to 17-β-estradiol (female sex hormon) and capable of binding to estrogen receptors. Because of their structural similarity, phytoestrogens are able to act like estrogen and bind to estrogen receptors with higher affinity to ER-β than to ER-α. On that way, they contribute postmenopausal female health. In postmenopause estrogen concentration decreases causing many changes in organism and phytoestrogens are alternative estrogen. With other important factors, phytoestrogens prevent bone reabsorption and bone fracture. In plants, phytoestrogens are found as glucoconjugates, which are biologically inactive. By the action of intestinal bacteria (enzyme β-glukozidaza), they are hydrolyzed to active form (aglycon). These review focuses on the potential influence of phytoestrogens on bone bassed on many scientific research all over the world. Phytoestrogen biological activity is complex and the magnitude of the effect and the exact mechanism of action are not known yet. They are potential nutrients and dietary components that can influence bone health and some other diseases, but there is need for other researches to develop efficient and precocious strategies in the pervention of osteoporosis.

• Keywords: fitoestrogeni; osteoporoza
• Keywords (english): phytoestrogens; osteoporosis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:217:756483
• Study programme: Title: Ecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-12-08 09:54:02